Behavioral Resistance of Caenorhabditis elegans Against High-LET Radiation Exposure

Sakashita, Tetsuya; Suzuki, Michiyo; Hamada, Nobuyuki; Shimozawa, Yoko; Shirai-Fukamoto, Kana; Yokota, Yuichiro; Hamada-Sora, Sakura; Kakizaki, Takehiko; Wada, Seiichi; Funayama, Tomoo; Kobayashi, Yasuhiko

doi:10.2187/bss.26.7

Cited by 9 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Locomotory behavior is vital for securing food and escaping from harmful environments. Previous experiments showed that motility (locomotion) in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans was reduced by whole-body irradiation with either gamma rays or carbon ions, in a dose-dependent manner [ 1 – 3 ]. Furthermore, hydrogen peroxide, which is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by radiation exposure, was shown to be potentially involved in this reduced motility [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Region-specific irradiation system with heavy-ion microbeam for active individuals of Caenorhabditis elegans

Suzuki

Hattori

Sakashita

et al. 2017

Journal of Radiation Research

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Radiation may affect essential functions and behaviors such as locomotion, feeding, learning and memory. Although whole-body irradiation has been shown to reduce motility in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, the detailed mechanism responsible for this effect remains unknown. Targeted irradiation of the nerve ring responsible for sensory integration and information processing would allow us to determine whether the reduction of motility following whole-body irradiation reflects effects on the central nervous system or on the muscle cells themselves. We therefore addressed this issue using a collimating microbeam system. However, radiation targeting requires the animal to be immobilized, and previous studies have anesthetized animals to prevent their movement, thus making it impossible to assess their locomotion immediately after irradiation. We developed a method in which the animal was enclosed in a straight, microfluidic channel in a polydimethylsiloxane chip to inhibit free motion during irradiation, thus allowing locomotion to be observed immediately after irradiation. The head region (including the central nervous system), mid region around the intestine and uterus, and tail region were targeted independently. Each region was irradiated with 12 000 carbon ions (12C; 18.3 MeV/u; linear energy transfer = 106.4 keV/μm), corresponding to 500 Gy at a φ20 μm region. Motility was significantly decreased by whole-body irradiation, but not by irradiation of any of the individual regions, including the central nervous system. This suggests that radiation inhibits locomotion by a whole-body mechanism, potentially involving motoneurons and/or body-wall muscle cells, rather than affecting motor control via the central nervous system and the stimulation response.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Region-specific irradiation system with heavy-ion microbeam for active individuals of Caenorhabditis elegans

Suzuki

Hattori

Sakashita

et al. 2017

Journal of Radiation Research

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“…We previously reported that chemotaxis to NaCl is highly resistant to low-and high-LET irradiation even at 1,000 Gy (Sakashita et al, 2012). However, the SCL ability was completely lost after low-LET irradiation at 1,000 Gy (Sakashita et al 2008b), and this was indeed the case for high-LET irradiation at 1,000 Gy (Fig.…”

Section: Dose Response For the Scl Abilitymentioning

confidence: 57%

Effects of Low- and High-LET Radiation on the Salt Chemotaxis Learning in Caenorhabditis elegans

et al. 2012

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High linear energy transfer (LET) radiation is impor tant components of cosmic rays that has neurobiological effects: it is known to induce conditioned taste aversion, and suppress neurogenesis that may underlie cognitive impairment. However, the impact of high-LET radiation on other learning effects remains largely unknown. Here, we focus on kinetics of the radiation response for the salt chemotaxis learning (SCL) behavior in the nameatode, Caenorhabditis elegans, because the SCL during the learning conditioning was modulated after low-LET γ-irradiation. Firstly, the SCL ability was examined following high-LET irradiation ( 12 C, 18.3 MeV/u, LET = 113 keV/ µm), revealing its dose-dependent decrease after high-and low-LET exposure. Next, we demonstrate that the SCL at the early phase of the learning conditioning is greatly affected by high-and low-LET irradiation, and interestingly, the magnitude of these effects by high-LET radiation was significantly smaller than that by low-LET one. Moreover, the analysis of gpc-1 mutant showed that the G-protein γ subunit, GPC-1 is responsible for such early phase response. This study is the first to provide the evidence for the kinetics of changes in SCL after high-LET irradiation of C. elegans.

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“…BioMed Research International functions are important for space missions. The effects of high-LET radiation exposure on several behaviors including muscle movements have been investigated using the nematode C. elegans [66,67,69,153,154], which is an experimental model organism and a powerful tool to study the effects of radiation. In this animal, locomotion, including forward and backward movements and turns, is carried out by 95 body wall muscle cells, for which the fate of each cell from its birth to death can be easily determined.…”

Section: Genome Instabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this animal, locomotion, including forward and backward movements and turns, is carried out by 95 body wall muscle cells, for which the fate of each cell from its birth to death can be easily determined. Locomotion (motility) of adult C. elegans on an agar plate without food was reported to decrease in a dose-dependent manner immediately after whole-body irradiation was administered using both high-LET radiation ( 12 C, 18.3 MeV/u, LET = 113 keV/μm) [67,153] and low-LET radiation ( 60 Co γ-rays) [155]. The RBE ratio of high-LET radiation relative to low-LET radiation for inhibition of locomotion was 1.4 [153].…”

Section: Genome Instabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Locomotion (motility) of adult C. elegans on an agar plate without food was reported to decrease in a dose-dependent manner immediately after whole-body irradiation was administered using both high-LET radiation ( 12 C, 18.3 MeV/u, LET = 113 keV/μm) [67,153] and low-LET radiation ( 60 Co γ-rays) [155]. The RBE ratio of high-LET radiation relative to low-LET radiation for inhibition of locomotion was 1.4 [153]. If the radiation effects were mainly caused by DNA damage, it is generally thought that the effects of high-LET radiation would be several times higher than those of low-LET radiation.…”

Section: Genome Instabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Space Radiation Biology for “Living in Space”

Furukawa

Nagamatsu

Nenoi

et al. 2020

BioMed Research International

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100

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Space travel has advanced significantly over the last six decades with astronauts spending up to 6 months at the International Space Station. Nonetheless, the living environment while in outer space is extremely challenging to astronauts. In particular, exposure to space radiation represents a serious potential long-term threat to the health of astronauts because the amount of radiation exposure accumulates during their time in space. Therefore, health risks associated with exposure to space radiation are an important topic in space travel, and characterizing space radiation in detail is essential for improving the safety of space missions. In the first part of this review, we provide an overview of the space radiation environment and briefly present current and future endeavors that monitor different space radiation environments. We then present research evaluating adverse biological effects caused by exposure to various space radiation environments and how these can be reduced. We especially consider the deleterious effects on cellular DNA and how cells activate DNA repair mechanisms. The latest technologies being developed, e.g., a fluorescent ubiquitination-based cell cycle indicator, to measure real-time cell cycle progression and DNA damage caused by exposure to ultraviolet radiation are presented. Progress in examining the combined effects of microgravity and radiation to animals and plants are summarized, and our current understanding of the relationship between psychological stress and radiation is presented. Finally, we provide details about protective agents and the study of organisms that are highly resistant to radiation and how their biological mechanisms may aid developing novel technologies that alleviate biological damage caused by radiation. Future research that furthers our understanding of the effects of space radiation on human health will facilitate risk-mitigating strategies to enable long-term space and planetary exploration.

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Behavioral Resistance of Caenorhabditis elegans Against High-LET Radiation Exposure

Cited by 9 publications

References 26 publications

Region-specific irradiation system with heavy-ion microbeam for active individuals of Caenorhabditis elegans

Region-specific irradiation system with heavy-ion microbeam for active individuals of Caenorhabditis elegans

Effects of Low- and High-LET Radiation on the Salt Chemotaxis Learning in Caenorhabditis elegans

Space Radiation Biology for “Living in Space”

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