Behavioral response of dissimilatory perchlorate-reducing bacteria to different electron acceptors

Sun, Yvonne; Gustavson, Ruth L.; Ali, Nadia; Weber, Karrie A.; Westphal, Lacey L.; Coates, John D.

doi:10.1007/s00253-009-2051-3

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In the majority of perchlorate-reducing organisms, the presence of nitrate in the growth media inhibits perchlorate reduction by impacting the expression regulation of the metabolic pathway ( Chaudhuri et al, 2002 ; Coates and Achenbach, 2004 ; Sun et al, 2009 ; Wang et al, 2018 ). However, in a few exceptional cases, such as Sedimenticola selanatireducens CUZ, nitrate and perchlorate are used simultaneously when the culture is pre-grown on nitrate, while perchlorate is preferentially used when the culture is pre-grown on perchlorate ( Carlstrom et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigating Sulfidogenesis With Simultaneous Perchlorate and Nitrate Treatments

et al. 2018

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Sulfide biogenesis (souring) in oil reservoirs is an extensive and costly problem. Nitrate is currently used as a souring inhibitor but often requires high concentrations and yields inconsistent results. Recently, perchlorate has displayed promise as a more potent inhibitor in lab scale studies. However, combining the two treatments to determine synergy and effectiveness in a dynamic system has never been tested. Nitrate inhibits perchlorate consumption by perchlorate reducing bacteria, suggesting that the combined treatment may allow deeper penetration of the perchlorate into the reservoir matrix. Furthermore, the metabolic intermediates of perchlorate and nitrate reduction (nitrite and chlorite, respectively) are synergistic with the primary electron acceptors for inhibition of sulfate reduction. To assess the possible synergies between nitrate and perchlorate treatments, triplicate glass columns packed with pre-soured marine sediment were flushed with media containing sulfate and an inhibitor treatment [(i) perchlorate; (ii) nitrate; (iii) perchlorate and nitrate; or (iv) none]. Internal geochemistry and microbial community changes were monitored along the length of the columns during six phases of increasing treatment concentrations. In a final phase all treatments were removed. Sulfide production decreased in all treated columns in conjunction with increased inhibitor concentrations relative to the untreated control. Interestingly, the potency of the “mixed” treatment was additive relative to the individual treatments suggesting no interaction. Microbial community analyses indicated community shifts and clustering by treatment. The mixed treatment column community’s trajectory closely resembled that of the community found in the perchlorate only treatment, suggesting that perchlorate was the dominant control on the “mixed” community structure. In contrast, the nitrate and untreated column communities had unique trajectories. This study indicates that concurrent nitrate and perchlorate treatment is not more effective than perchlorate treatment alone but is more effective than nitrate treatment. As such, treatment decisions may be based on economic factors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigating Sulfidogenesis With Simultaneous Perchlorate and Nitrate Treatments

et al. 2018

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“…It grows rapidly and robustly on rich media, and its genome has been fully sequenced and is publicly available ( 11 , 19 ). Additionally, its perchlorate-reducing physiology has been studied in the context of environmental regulation ( 13 ), chemotaxis ( 20 ), and redox cycling of electron shuttles ( 21 , 22 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transposon and Deletion Mutagenesis of Genes Involved in Perchlorate Reduction in Azospira suillum PS

Melnyk

Clark

Liao

et al. 2014

mBio

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Although much work on the biochemistry of the key enzymes of bacterial perchlorate reduction, chlorite dismutase, and perchlorate reductase has been published, understanding of the molecular mechanisms of this metabolism has been somewhat hampered by the lack of a clear model system amenable to genetic manipulation. Using transposon mutagenesis and clean deletions, genes important for perchlorate reduction in Azospira suillum PS have been identified both inside and outside the previously described perchlorate reduction genomic island (PRI). Transposon mutagenesis identified 18 insertions in 11 genes that completely abrogate growth via reduction of perchlorate but have no phenotype during denitrification. Of the mutants deficient in perchlorate reduction, 14 had insertions that were mapped to eight different genes within the PRI, highlighting its importance in this metabolism. To further explore the role of these genes, we also developed systems for constructing unmarked deletions and for complementing these deletions. Using these tools, every core gene in the PRI was systematically deleted; 8 of the 17 genes conserved in the PRI are essential for perchlorate respiration, including 3 genes that comprise a unique histidine kinase system. Interestingly, the other 9 genes in the PRI are not essential for perchlorate reduction and may thus have unknown functions during this metabolism. We present a model detailing our current understanding of perchlorate reduction that incorporates new concepts about this metabolism.

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“…A capillary-based assay (Palleroni, 1976 ) was performed to provide quantitative measurement of the bacterial cell motility, as described previously (Sun et al, 2009 ). Briefly, 10 ml cultures grown to an OD of approximately 0.4–0.5 (mid-log) were spun down at ~5500 × g for 8 min at room temperature and resuspended in an equal volume of phosphate buffered saline (PBS).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the role of CheA3 in Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough motility

Keller

Catena

et al. 2014

Front. Microbiol.

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Sulfate-reducing bacteria such as Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough are often found in environments with limiting growth nutrients. Using lactate as the electron donor and carbon source, and sulfate as the electron acceptor, wild type D. vulgaris shows motility on soft agar plates. We evaluated this phenotype with mutants resulting from insertional inactivation of genes potentially related to motility. Our study revealed that the cheA3 (DVU2072) kinase mutant was impaired in the ability to form motility halos. Insertions in two other cheA loci did not exhibit a loss in this phenotype. The cheA3 mutant was also non-motile in capillary assays. Complementation with a plasmid-borne copy of cheA3 restores wild type phenotypes. The cheA3 mutant displayed a flagellum as observed by electron microscopy, grew normally in liquid medium, and was motile in wet mounts. In the growth conditions used, the D. vulgaris ΔfliA mutant (DVU3229) for FliA, predicted to regulate flagella-related genes including cheA3, was defective both in flagellum formation and in forming the motility halos. In contrast, a deletion of the flp gene (DVU2116) encoding a pilin-related protein was similar to wild type. We conclude that wild type D. vulgaris forms motility halos on solid media that are mediated by flagella-related mechanisms via the CheA3 kinase. The conditions under which the CheA1 (DVU1594) and CheA2 (DVU1960) kinase function remain to be explored.

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Behavioral response of dissimilatory perchlorate-reducing bacteria to different electron acceptors

Cited by 25 publications

References 26 publications

Mitigating Sulfidogenesis With Simultaneous Perchlorate and Nitrate Treatments

Mitigating Sulfidogenesis With Simultaneous Perchlorate and Nitrate Treatments

Transposon and Deletion Mutagenesis of Genes Involved in Perchlorate Reduction in Azospira suillum PS

Exploring the role of CheA3 in Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough motility

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