1998
DOI: 10.1126/science.282.5397.2250
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Behavioral State Modulation of Auditory Activity in a Vocal Motor System

Abstract: ). As in assigning atomic charges, there is some ambiguity in defining atomic contributions to GЈ. Here, we divide off-diagonal terms equally between participant atoms. 29. M. J. Firsch et al., Gaussian 94, rev. C.2 (1995), and the basis sets used in the Gaussian program library. 30. The computed specific rotation angle for (R)-2-methyloxirane with the CADPAC program is 24 compared with an experimental value of 14.0, and the computed specific rotation angle for trans-(2R,3R)-dimethyloxirane is 45 compared with… Show more

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Cited by 223 publications
(177 citation statements)
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“…EEG recordings reliably indicate sleep in zebra finches, allowing assessment of the sleep͞wake state. Moreover, we were able to monitor state changes on a millisecond time scale, which was not possible in previous studies (4,5).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…EEG recordings reliably indicate sleep in zebra finches, allowing assessment of the sleep͞wake state. Moreover, we were able to monitor state changes on a millisecond time scale, which was not possible in previous studies (4,5).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…When a lightly anesthetized zebra finch is startled into a transitory alert state, the response of the HVC and NIf to the BOS decreases (7). Also, BOS responses in the HVC and robust nucleus of the arcopallium increased under natural sleep conditions (33,34). Hence, auditory gating is closely associated with sleep͞wake states, and it is thus reasonable to infer a functional link to brain areas that could influence these changes.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In both HVc and RA, song playback-evoked responses can be augmented under certain anesthetics and during sleep, suggestive of neuromodulatory influences on auditory responsiveness. Moreover, direct evidence exists for neuromodulatory gating of these auditory responses; application of norepinephrine to HVc of anesthetized birds can suppress song-selective responses in RA, while leaving those in HVc intact (Dave et al, 1998). In LMAN, neuromodulators may also be important for gating song-related auditory information to RA.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%