Behavioral Toxicologic Studies of Dieldrin, DDT, and Ruelene in Sheep

Gelder, G. A. Van

doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-2859-9_8

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…It is lipophilic and readily bioaccumulates in animals and humans. Dieldrin exposure during adulthood resulted in deficits in visual discrimination-reversal learning in both sheep (123) and squirrel monkeys (124) and caused rats to make more errors on a zig-zag maze (125). In contrast, one study of perinatal exposure to dieldrin reported facilitated retention of learning on a symmetrical maze (126).…”

Section: Effects Of Endocrine-disrupting Chemicals On Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in animals.

Schantz

Widholm

2001

Environ Health Perspect

221

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A large number of chemical pollutants including phthalates, alkylphenolic compounds, polychlorinated biphenyls and polychlorinated dibenzodioxins, organochlorine pesticides, bisphenol A, and metals including lead, mercury, and cadmium have the ability to disrupt endocrine function in animals. Some of these same chemicals have been shown to alter cognitive function in animals and humans. Because hormonally mediated events play a central role in central nervous system development and function, a number of researchers have speculated that the changes in cognitive function are mediated by the endocrine-like actions of these chemicals. In this paper we review the evidence that cognitive effects of chemicals classified as environmental endocrine disruptors are mediated by changes in hormonal function. We begin by briefly reviewing the role of gonadal steroids, thyroid hormones, and glucocorticoids in brain development and brain function. We then review the endocrine changes and cognitive effects that have been reported for selected endocrine-disrupting chemicals, discuss the evidence for causal relationships between endocrine disruption and cognitive effects, and suggest directions for future research.

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Section: Effects Of Endocrine-disrupting Chemicals On Cognitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in animals.

Schantz

Widholm

2001

Environ Health Perspect

221

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“…Since the first description of its construction (Mowrer & Miller, 1942), the two-way shuttlebox apparatus has been extensively used in the study of both aversive and appetitive (Hollis & Overmier, 1973) conditioning in a wide variety of species: for example, rats (McAllister, McAllister, & Douglass, 1971), dogs (Solomon, Kamin, & Wynne, 1953), sheep (Van Gelder, 1975), fish (Bintz, 1971), cats (Thomas & DeWald, 1977), mice (Anisman, deCatanzaro, & Remington, 1978), monkeys (Pribram & Weiskrantz, 1957), pigs (Dantzer & Mormede, 1976), and humans (Turner & Solomon, 1962). For rats, mice, dogs, cats, pigs, and sheep, the basic design outlined in the first paper (Mowrer & Miller, 1942) has proved useful, excepting, of course, changes in overall dimension to accommodate size differences between these animals.…”

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confidence: 99%

A two-way shuttlebox for testing nonhuman primates

Rush

1982

Behavior Research Methods & Instrumentation

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Exposure to low doses of the environmental chemical dieldrin causes behavioral deficits in animals prevented from coping with stress

Carlson

Rosellini

1987

Psychopharmacologia

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Experiments were conducted which assessed the effects of low doses of an environmental contaminant in conjunction with various forms of stress. Rats were given acute doses (0, 0.5, 1.5, 4.5 mg/kg) of the chemical dieldrin and subsequently exposed to a series of 40 escapable shocks, identical inescapable shocks, or no shock in an operant chamber. Eight hours later, the subjects were re-exposed in a shuttlebox to footshock which was escapable upon performance of an FR-2 shuttle response. Escape deficits which were related in magnitude to the size of the dieldrin dose were found in the inescapable shock group but not in the escapable shock or no shock groups. The data suggest that experience with the lack of control over stress is critical in determining the behavioral effects of the agent and that the behavioral effects caused by uncontrollable stress may be exacerbated by concurrent exposure to such compounds. These results are discussed in terms of previous studies on the behavioral actions of dieldrin, the response to uncontrollable stress and the common neuronal systems that may be involved.

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Behavioral Toxicologic Studies of Dieldrin, DDT, and Ruelene in Sheep

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Cognitive effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in animals.

Cognitive effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in animals.

A two-way shuttlebox for testing nonhuman primates

Exposure to low doses of the environmental chemical dieldrin causes behavioral deficits in animals prevented from coping with stress

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