Behaviour change techniques to optimise participation in physical activity or exercise in adolescents and young adults with chronic cardiorespiratory conditions: a systematic review

Abstract

Participation in regular physical activity decreases the risk of developing cardiometabolic disease. However, the proportion of people who participate in the recommended amount of physical activity is low, with common barriers including competing interests and inclement weather. In people with chronic cardiorespiratory conditions, participation in physical activity is reduced further by disease‐specific barriers, time burden of treatment and unpleasant symptoms during physical activity. Addressing these barriers during adolescence and early adulthood may promote greater physical activity participation into older age. The aim of this review was to classify interventions aimed at optimising participation in physical activity as ‘promising’ or ‘not promising’ in people aged 15–45 years with chronic cardiorespiratory conditions and categorise the behaviour change techniques (BCT) within these interventions. Nine databases and registries were searched (October 2017) for studies that reported objective measures of physical activity before and after an intervention period. Interventions were classified as ‘promising’ if a between‐group difference in physical activity was demonstrated. Michie et al.’s (2013) v1 Taxonomy was used to unpack the BCT within interventions. Across the six included studies (n = 396 participants), 19 (20%) of 93 BCT were described. The interventions of three studies were classified as ‘promising’. The most commonly used BCT comprised goal setting, action planning and social support. Five BCT were solely used in ‘promising’ interventions. Our review demonstrated that only 20% of BCT have been utilised, and those BCT that were used only in ‘promising’ physical activity interventions in adolescents and adults with chronic cardiorespiratory conditions were isolated.

Adherence and barriers to general and respiratory exercises in cystic fibrosis

“…34 In addition, a planning schedule of exercises, developed by therapists, patients, and family members, associated with diaries reporting difficulties and challenges may help to monitor adaptations and progression of exercises. 35,36 Overall, the findings of this study suggest that prescription of general and respiratory exercises to patients with CF should be accompanied by strategies to monitor adherence to treatment. Non-monitoring may result in amounts of exercise inferior to those recommended.…”

“…Health education, for instance, has proved to be effective for improving pain, disability, mental and physical health‐related quality‐of‐life in individuals with chronic low back pain 34 . In addition, a planning schedule of exercises, developed by therapists, patients, and family members, associated with diaries reporting difficulties and challenges may help to monitor adaptations and progression of exercises 35,36 . Overall, the findings of this study suggest that prescription of general and respiratory exercises to patients with CF should be accompanied by strategies to monitor adherence to treatment.…”

A Multiple Health Behavior Change, Self-Monitoring Mobile App for Adolescents: Development and Usability Study of the Health4Life App

“…Our review of the literature identified several BCTs (beyond goal setting and self-monitoring) that are commonly used in behavior change interventions (including mobile-based ones) designed for adolescents [19,49,50], including social support [34,51], prompts or cues [52][53][54][55], modeling [34], providing consequences for behavior [34,51], and feedback on behavior [51]. However, few studies have investigated their efficacy in actually changing health behaviors among adolescents.…”

Gestão Do Risco Cardiovascular Em Pessoas Com Doença Crónica Na Comunidade: Uma Revisão Sistemática Da Literatura

“…Quadro 2. Técnicas de mudança comportamental identificadas (adaptado de Behavior Change Technique Taxonomy (V1), de Michie, Atkins & West, 2014) 5,13,20,23,24,26,27,30,33,45,51 Vários estudos mostram que, a implementação de técnicas de mudança comportamental tem sido eficaz na gestão da doença crónica (Sawyer et al, 2019;Duff et al, 2017 (Marra et al, 2019;Hung et al, 2016;Koniak-Griffin et al, 2015;Kempf et al, 2017). Alguns estudos têm vido mostrar que as ferramentas digitais têm contribuído não apenas para auto-gestão da doença crónica, como também reduzir as desigualdades em termos de acessibilidade aos serviços de saúde (Wade & Stocks, 2017).…”