Temperature dependent ultrasonic attenuation due to phonon-phonon (p-p) interaction, thermoelastic loss and dislocation damping due to screw and edge dislocations have been investigated in fcc (NaCl B1 type) structured group IVb and Vb monocarbides (transition metal carbides, namely TiC, ZrC, HfC, VC, NbC and TaC) in the temperature range 50-500 K, along the three crystallographic directions of propagation, namely [100], [110] and [111] for longitudinal and shear modes of propagation. The second-and third-order elastic moduli (SOEM and TOEM) obtained at different temperatures using the electrostatic and Born repulsive potentials and taking interactions up to next-nearest neighbours, have been used to obtain Gruneisen numbers, acoustic coupling constants and their ratios along different directions of propagation and polarization for longitudinal and shear modes of wave propagation. Temperature variation of the phonon relaxation time shows exponential decay. The results have been discussed and compared with available data.