Behaviour of Model Square Footing Resting on Sand Reinforced with Three-Dimensional Geogrid

Makkar, Femy M.; Chandrakaran, S.; Sankar, N.

doi:10.1007/s40891-016-0083-1

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Inflection points at around 1B and 1.5B from the center result from rigid connections between vertical and horizontal elements, reducing buckling and ensuring uniform reinforcement across the geogrid. (5) The approach provides a comprehensive understanding of how H-V geogrids differ from conventional geogrids and influence the overall performance of the reinforced foundation system. However, it is essential to note that soil properties such as cohesion, internal friction angle, water content, and the type and properties of the geogrid can significantly influence the bearing capacity of the H-V geogrid-reinforced foundation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bearing Capacity and Reinforced Mechanisms of Horizontal–Vertical Geogrid in Foundations: PFC3D Study

Wu,

Zhang,

Gao

et al. 2024

Buildings

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The study presents a novel meshed horizontal–vertical (H–V) geogrid, offering promising advancements in geotechnical structure performance. The study pioneers a modeling approach for H–V geogrid foundation bearing capacity with discrete element method, expanding understanding and optimizing design strategy. By analyzing the granular displacement, contact force distribution, and vertical stress distribution within the foundation system, the study examines the impact of burial depth, vertical element height, and the number of vertical elements on H–V reinforced foundations. The findings suggest that employing a burial depth equivalent to the width of the footing enhances bearing capacity compared to conventional geogrid applications, with depths set at 0.4 times the width of the footing. This enhancement is attributed to forming a deeper slip surface in H–V systems. Moreover, raising vertical elements to 0.6 times the width of the footing enhances bearing capacity with minimal increase in geogrid usage, indicating a strategic approach to reinforcement. Increasing the number of vertical elements, particularly with three pairs, significantly enhances bearing capacity by reinforcing lateral restraint on the soil and promoting stress homogenization, thereby augmenting the “deep-footing” effect. The technical analysis underscores the efficacy of H–V geogrids in bolstering the bearing capacity of reinforced foundations, which is attributed to the robust grip and interlocking mechanism facilitated by these geogrids’ vertical ribs and mesh structure, which augment lateral confinement and diminish horizontal soil displacement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The field of geotechnical engineering has long been concerned with the stability and load-bearing capacity of soil structures reinforced with geogrids [1][2][3][4][5]. The interface strength between the geogrid and soil is a critical factor in determining the effectiveness of such reinforcement systems [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bearing Capacity and Reinforced Mechanisms of Horizontal–Vertical Geogrid in Foundations: PFC3D Study

Wu,

Zhang,

Gao

et al. 2024

Buildings

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“…Mosallanezhad et al [ 28 ] found that the ultimate bearing capacity of shallow square footing reinforced with grid anchors was increased by 3.0 times and 1.8 times, respectively, compared to unreinforced soil and soil reinforced with conventional geogrid. Makkar et al [ 29 ] designed two different types of three-dimensional geogrids, namely triangular pattern and rectangular pattern, and studied the factors that affected the bearing capacity of the foundation, such as the depth of the top layer, the spacing between layers, and the number of layers. Zhang et al and Hou et al [ 30 , 31 , 32 ] proposed H–V strips with no open grid and found that H–V strips perform better than conventional planer ones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bearing Capacity and Mechanism of the H–V Geogrid-Reinforced Foundation

et al. 2023

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A series of model tests were conducted to investigate the bearing capacity and reinforced mechanism of a horizontal–vertical (H–V) geogrid-reinforced foundation. The bearing capacities of the unreinforced foundation, the conventional geogrid, and the H–V geogrid-reinforced foundation were compared. The parameters, including the length of the H–V geogrid, the vertical geogrid height, the depth of the top layer, and the number of H–V geogrid layers, are discussed. Through experiments, it was found that the optimal length of H–V geogrid is around 4B, the optimal vertical geogrid height is approximately 0.6B, and the optimal depth of the top H–V geogrid layer is between 0.33B and 1B. The optimal number of H–V geogrid layers is 2. The result also indicates that the bearing capacity of H–V geogrid is almost 1.7 times greater than that of conventional geogrid. Additionally, the maximum top subsidence of H–V geogrid-reinforced foundation decreased by 13.63% compared to that of conventional geogrid-reinforced foundation. Under the same settlement, the bearing capacity ratio of two H–V geogrid-reinforced foundation layers is 75.28% higher than that of one layer. The results also demonstrate that the vertical elements of H–V geogrid interlock the sand from being displaced under the applied load and redistribute the surcharge over a wider area, thereby increasing the shear strength and improving the bearing capacity of an H–V geogrid-reinforced foundation.

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“…The majority of current research focuses on strip foundations or planar-strengthened footings [4]. Makkar et al (2017) compared bearing capacity enhancement variables using three-dimensional geogrids with rectangular and triangular openings [24]. The improvement in bearing capacity factor was 3.05 for a rectangular opening and 2.7 for a triangular opening.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Behavior of Strip Footing Resting on Soil Strengthened with Geogrid

Al-Jeznawi

Al-Azzawi

2021

Civil and Environmental Engineering

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The soil in Iraq has a low load carrying or bearing capacity and high deflections or settlement because of the applied loads. The use of strip footing as a foundation to support different kinds of heavy structures has become necessary nowadays through solving such problems by using geogrid. This soil improvement technique is widely used all over the world. In this paper, the bearing capacity and settlements were calculated using finite elements and analytical models for strip footing resting on different kinds of soil. The study parameters are footing rigidity, the number of layers in a geogrid, the dimension of geogrid, and spacing of geogrid layers. According to the findings, the geogrid improved the bearing ability of the footing and reduced settlement. The optimum geogrid dimension was three times the footing width, and three geogrid layers were optimum. The changing in footing rigidity also affects the stress and settlement behavior.

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Behaviour of Model Square Footing Resting on Sand Reinforced with Three-Dimensional Geogrid

Cited by 21 publications

References 31 publications

Bearing Capacity and Reinforced Mechanisms of Horizontal–Vertical Geogrid in Foundations: PFC3D Study

Bearing Capacity and Reinforced Mechanisms of Horizontal–Vertical Geogrid in Foundations: PFC3D Study

Bearing Capacity and Mechanism of the H–V Geogrid-Reinforced Foundation

The Behavior of Strip Footing Resting on Soil Strengthened with Geogrid

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