Behaviour Study of Particulate Matter and Chemical Composition with Different Combustion Strategies

Goswami, Angshuman; Barman, Jyotirmoy; Rajput, Karan; Lakhlani, Hardik

doi:10.4271/2013-01-2741

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Secara umum, partikel yang berukuran lebih kecil dan lebih ringan akan menetap lebih lama di udara. Partikel yang lebih besar (lebih besar dari 10 mikrometer) cenderung untuk menetap ke tanah oleh gravitasi dalam hitungan jam sedangkan partikel terkecil (kurang dari 1 mikrometer)) dapat tinggal di atmosfer selama berminggu-minggu dan sebagian besar dapat hilang oleh curah hujan [2].…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Kualitas Udara pada Tempat Tertutup dan Aktivitas Merokok di Kota Surabaya Tahun 2015

Lestari

Martini

Widati

et al. 2017

IJPS

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Lingkungan tidak akan terlepas dari kehidupan manusia. Perubahan di dalamnya mempengaruhi faktor kesehatan, sosial, ekonomi, dan budaya. Lingkungan yang menghasilkan particulate matter berasal dari hasil alam dan kegiatan manusia. Salah satu kegiatan manusia yang dihasilkan adalah pembakaran dari aktivitas merokok terutama di ruang tertutup. Pengaruh kesehatan adanya particulate matter adalah potensi terjadinya gangguan pernapasan. Monitoring kualitas udara diperlukan sebagai evaluasi kondisi lingkungan. Pengukuran kualitas udara dilakukan di Kota Surabaya dengan pembagian yang proporsional yaitu Surabaya pusat, Surabaya utara, Surabaya selatan, Surabaya barat, dan Surabaya timur. Pengukuran secara kuantitatif untuk megukur konsentrasi particulate matter berukuran kurang dari 2,5 micron (PM 2,5). Pengukuran dilakukan di beberapa tempat di Kota Surabaya pada tahun 2015 menunjukkan bahwa sebesar 53% konsentrasi PM 2,5 melebihi ambang batas yang ditetapkan WHO yaitu > 25µg/m 3. Tempat umum merupakan tempat yang terbanyak dengan PM 2,5 yang melebihi ambang batas. Pada tempat umum sebagai tempat hiburan tertutup dan adanya aktivitas merokok konsentrasi PM 2,5 melebihi ambang batas yang ditetapkan yaitu 18 kali lebih besar dari standar. Potensi gangguan kesehatan tidak hanya diaami oleh perokok aktif namun dapat berdampak pada perokok pasif baik secondary smoker atau tertiary smoker. Diperlukan adanya kebijakan yang melindungi masyarakat seluruhnya terhadap potensi gangguan kesehatan yang ditimbulkan dari aktivitas merokok. Kebijakan dengan penegakan smoke-free area di tempat umum dan juga pada sarana yang lain yang telah ditetapkan oleh pemerintah dengan adanya undangundang atau peraturan.

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Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Kualitas Udara pada Tempat Tertutup dan Aktivitas Merokok di Kota Surabaya Tahun 2015

Lestari

Martini

Widati

et al. 2017

IJPS

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“…21 Moreover, particle emission characteristics from premixed and LTC strategies also showed considerable difference from that of conventional diesel combustion (CDC). 22,23 Early PM emission research from low-NOx, low-PM diesel combustion by Sluder et al 24 indicated that the organic fraction of PM increased significantly, while, the carbonaceous soot portion of the PM decreased when operated under low-NOx, low-PM combustion regimes. Similarly, Kolodziej et al 25 found that PM from advanced LTC proved to differ significantly from that of CDC by featuring smaller particle size and more organic content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle number size distribution from direct-injection premixed combustion engine fueled with gasoline/diesel blends

Wang

Sun

Guo

et al. 2019

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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The organizing of combustion process in the advanced internal combustion engine is developing toward unified combustion mode of gasoline-engine-like premixed gas formation and diesel-engine-like compression ignition. Gasoline/diesel blended fuel has received extensive attention for its suitability for this combustion characteristic, owing to its relatively poor ignitability and high volatility. In order to more comprehensively evaluate the application of the blended fuel on this combustion mode, an experiment was conducted to characterize the particle size distribution and total number concentration of exhaust particles from the gasoline/diesel blended fuel. The premixed combustion characteristics and relatively high hydrocarbon emission were confirmed first and their effects on the particle size distribution were determined subsequently. Combustion control parameters such as exhaust gas recirculation and injection pressure were also taken into account. Results indicated that gasoline/diesel blended fuel had significant effect on the particle size distribution due to the higher premixed combustion ratio and more unburned hydrocarbon emission. Under high load condition, as the proportion of gasoline blending increased, the accumulation mode particle decreased while the nucleation mode particle and total particle number increased significantly. The geometric mean diameter of exhaust particle decreased with the addition of gasoline. The effect of exhaust gas recirculation and injection pressure on the particle size distribution of gasoline/diesel blended fuel was less than that of pure diesel. That meant the gasoline/diesel blends were beneficial for carbonaceous particle (>22 nm) reduction. However, the nucleation mode as well as total particle number were still higher for gasoline/diesel blends than that for pure diesel.

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“…In fact, most particulate matter comes from diesel engine emissions [1,24]. A complex mixture of solid and liquid particles could form particulate matter and these particulate matter emissions are substantially regulated in most developed countries.…”

Section: Real Threats Of Fine Particles (Pm 25 )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Especially, PM 2.5 particulate classes and are considered to have several more critical health implications than those classes of larger particulates [1,2]. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), fine particles is a cancer causing material Grade 1 [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Sustainable Street Tree Planting Patterns to Be Resistant against Fine Particles (PM2.5)

et al. 2017

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Recent health threats from fine particles of PM 2.5 have been warned by various health organisations including the World Health Organisation (WHO) and other international governmental agencies. Due to the recognised threats of such particulate materials within urban areas, counter measures against PM 2.5 have been largely explored; however, the methods in the context of planting types and structures have been neglected. Therefore, this study investigated and analysed the concentration levels of PM 2.5 in roads, planting areas, and residential zones within urban areas. Moreover, the study attempted to identify any meaningful factors influencing the reduction of PM 2.5 and their efficiencies. After surveying PM 2.5 in winter and spring season, there were serious reductions of PM 2.5 concentrations within the areas of pedestrian paths, planting, and residential areas compared to other urban areas. In particular, a significant low level of PM 2.5 concentrations was shown in the residential areas located behind planting bands as green buffer. This research also found that three-dimensional volumes and quantity of planting rows play a critical role in reducing PM 2.5 . A negative correlation was shown between the fluctuated concentration rate of PM 2.5 and quantity of planting rows-single row of trees showed fluctuated concentration rate of PM 2.5 , 84.77%, followed by double rows of trees 79.49%, and triple rows of trees 75.02%. Especially, trees need to be planted at certain distance to allow wind to diffuse fine particles rather than dense planting. Finally, planting shrubs also significantly reduces the concentration level of PM 2.5 -the fluctuated concentration rate of the single layer showed 88.79%, while the double layer and the multi-layer showed 81.16% and 68.93%, respectively-since it increases three-dimensional volume of urban plantings.

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Behaviour Study of Particulate Matter and Chemical Composition with Different Combustion Strategies

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Kualitas Udara pada Tempat Tertutup dan Aktivitas Merokok di Kota Surabaya Tahun 2015

Kualitas Udara pada Tempat Tertutup dan Aktivitas Merokok di Kota Surabaya Tahun 2015

Particle number size distribution from direct-injection premixed combustion engine fueled with gasoline/diesel blends

Exploring Sustainable Street Tree Planting Patterns to Be Resistant against Fine Particles (PM2.5)

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