Behavioural and physiological responses of Small Tail Han sheep to predators

Wang, Zinan; Wang, Hong; Shen, Yizhao; Li, Fengmin; Xiao, Jing; Yan, Yang; Lv, Shabanova

doi:10.1016/j.animal.2023.100884

animal

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.100884

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Behavioural and physiological responses of Small Tail Han sheep to predators

Zinan Wang

Hong Wang

Yizhao Shen

et al.

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2024

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Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

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Do sheep (Ovis aries) discriminate human emotional odors?

Larrigaldie,

Damon,

Mousqué

et al. 2024

Anim Cogn

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While sheep can detect and discriminate human emotions through visual and vocal cues, their reaction to human body odors remains unknown. The present study aimed to determine whether sheep (Ovis aries) can detect human odors, olfactorily discriminate stressed from non-stressed individuals, and behave accordingly based on the emotional valence of the odors. Axillary secretions from 34 students were collected following an oral examination (stress odor) or a regular class (non-stress odor). Fourteen female and 15 male lambs were then exposed to these odors through a habituation-dishabituation procedure. The habituation stimulus was presented four times for one minute, followed by the dishabituation stimulus presented once for one minute. Behavioral variables included spatiality relative to target odors, approach/withdrawal, ear positioning, sniffing, ingestion, and vocalization. Both female and male lambs more often positioned their ears backwards/forwards, and asymmetrically when exposed to the dishabituation stimulus, but regardless of their stress or non-stress value. They also changed their approach behavior when exposed to the dishabituation stimuli. Lambs displayed some behavioral signs of discrimination between the habituation and dishabituation odors, but regardless of their relation to stress or non-stress of human donors. In sum, this exploratory study suggests that young sheep respond negatively to the odor of unfamiliar humans, without showing any specific emotional contagion related to the stress odor. This exploratory study suggests young ovines can detect human body odor, a further step toward understanding the human-sheep relationship.

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Do sheep (Ovis aries) discriminate human emotional odors?

Larrigaldie,

Damon,

Mousqué

et al. 2024

Anim Cogn

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Odor Fences Have No Effect on Wild Boar Movement and Home Range Size

Faltusová,

Ježek,

Ševčík

et al. 2024

Animals

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Wild boars are an opportunistic wildlife species that has successfully colonized the human-modified landscape in Europe. However, the current population boom has negative consequences, which result in a rapid increase in human–wildlife conflicts and disease transmission, including African swine fever (ASF). The increasing frequency of conflicts requires adequate solutions for these issues through various measures. Application of deterrents is a common non-lethal measure whose effects have been insufficiently verified until recently. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of odor fences, often applied as a barrier against wild boar movement. For this purpose, 18 wild boars were marked with GPS collars. After 22 days of initial monitoring, 12 sections of odor fences were installed on their home ranges. The monitored wild boars crossed the area 20.5 ± 9.2 times during the pre-installation period and 19.9 ± 8.4 times after the odor fence installation. Moreover, the average home range varied between 377.9 ± 185.0 ha before and 378.1 ± 142.2 ha after the odor fence installation. Based on GPS telemetry results, we do not support using odor repellent lines for crop protection or for limiting wild boar movement to lessen ASF outbreaks.

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The Impact of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis on Intestinal Microbial Community Composition and Diversity in Small-Tail Han Sheep

Xue,

Ma,

et al. 2024

Pathogens

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Paratuberculosis (PTB), primarily caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), is a chronic infection that affects ruminants and is difficult to prevent, diagnose, and treat. Investigating how MAP infections affect the gut microbiota in sheep can aid in the prevention and treatment of ovine PTB. This study examined fecal samples from eight small-tail Han sheep (STHS) at various stages of infection and from three different field areas. All samples underwent DNA extraction and 16S rRNA sequencing. Among all samples, the phyla p. Firmicutes and p. Bacteroidota exhibited the highest relative abundance. The dominant genera in groups M1–M6 were UCG-005, Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Akkermansia, UCG-005, and Bacteroides, whereas those in groups A–C were Christensenellaceae_R-7_group, Escherichia–Shigella, and Acinetobacter, respectively. The microbial community structure varied significantly among groups M1–M6. Specifically, 56 microbiota consortia with different taxonomic levels, including the order Clostridiales, were significantly enriched in groups M1–M6, whereas 96 microbiota consortia at different taxonomic levels, including the family Oscillospiraceae, were significantly enriched in groups A–C. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report that MAP infection alters the intestinal microbiota of STHS. Changes in p. Firmicutes abundance can serve as a potential biomarker to distinguish MAP infection and determine the infection stage for its early diagnosis. Our study provides a theoretical basis for the treatment of PTB by regulating the intestinal microbiota, including p. Firmicutes.

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Behavioural and physiological responses of Small Tail Han sheep to predators

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Do sheep (Ovis aries) discriminate human emotional odors?

Do sheep (Ovis aries) discriminate human emotional odors?

Odor Fences Have No Effect on Wild Boar Movement and Home Range Size

The Impact of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis on Intestinal Microbial Community Composition and Diversity in Small-Tail Han Sheep

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