Behavioural characterization of interleukin‐6 overexpressing or deficient mice during agonistic encounters

Alleva, Enrico; Cirulli, Francesca; Bianchi, Mauro; Bondiolotti, Gianpietro; Chiarotti, Flavia; Acetis, Luigi De; Panerai, Alberto E.

doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.1998.00377.x

Cited by 57 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Reciprocal matings (females from the low selection group mated to males from the high selection group, and vice versa) were also performed. Assays were performed at generations [24][25][26].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hints of this underlying complexity come from studies showing that mice with null mutations in the neural cell adhesion molecule [23], interleukin 6 [24], and the Nr2e1 nuclear receptor gene [25] are all more aggressive than wild-type litter mates. Further understanding of the genetic basis of aggressive behavior will be greatly facilitated by studies in a genetic model system, such as Drosophila melanogaster.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative Genomics of Aggressive Behavior in Drosophila melanogaster

Edwards¹,

Rollmann²,

Morgan³

et al. 2005

PLoS Genet

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Aggressive behavior is important for animal survival and reproduction, and excessive aggression is an enormous social and economic burden for human society. Although the role of biogenic amines in modulating aggressive behavior is well characterized, other genetic mechanisms affecting this complex behavior remain elusive. Here, we developed an assay to rapidly quantify aggressive behavior in Drosophila melanogaster, and generated replicate selection lines with divergent levels of aggression. The realized heritability of aggressive behavior was approximately 0.10, and the phenotypic response to selection specifically affected aggression. We used whole-genome expression analysis to identify 1,539 probe sets with different expression levels between the selection lines when pooled across replicates, at a false discovery rate of 0.001. We quantified the aggressive behavior of 19 mutations in candidate genes that were generated in a common co-isogenic background, and identified 15 novel genes affecting aggressive behavior. Expression profiling of genetically divergent lines is an effective strategy for identifying genes affecting complex traits.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Genomics of Aggressive Behavior in Drosophila melanogaster

Edwards¹,

Rollmann²,

Morgan³

et al. 2005

PLoS Genet

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Alleva et al [3] reported increased aggressive behavior in mice lacking functional genes for IL-6 (IL-6-knockout, IL-6ko mice) and facilitated affiliative-type social interactions in mice overexpressing IL-6. IL-6ko mice were also found to exhibit attenuated effects of LPS and IL-1 on social exploration and changes in body weight [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding, exploratory, anxiety- and depression-related behaviors are not altered in interleukin-6-deficient male mice

Świergiel

Dunn

2006

Behavioural Brain Research

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Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been implicated in behavioral responses associated with inflammation, sickness behavior and various nervous system disorders. We studied a range of different behaviors in IL-6-knockout (IL-6ko) and wild-type (WT) male mice. No significant differences were observed in ambulatory, exploratory, and stereotypic activities in home or novel cages, in an open field (OF), in the multicompartment chamber (MCC), or in the elevated plus-maze (EPM). IL-6ko mice shed fewer fecal boli than WT mice in the OF, in novel cages and in the MCC although this effect was not statistically significant in the OF. In novel cages, intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of IL-6 (1 μg) depressed ambulatory activity slightly more in IL-6ko than in WT mice. Restraint and interleukin-1β (IL-1β, 100 ng i.p.) decreased exploration of mice in the MCC and EPM, but there was no indication of altered sensitivity in IL-6ko mice. No significant differences were detected in the tail suspension and the Porsolt forced swim tests. IL-1β and lipopolysaccharide (LPS 1 μg i.p.) injection depressed sweetened milk and solid food intake similarly in IL-6ko and WT mice, but IL-6 had no effect, suggesting that IL-6 is not involved in these effects of IL-1 or LPS. However, IL-1β and LPS depressed body weight more in WT than in IL-6ko mice. Plasma corticosterone and basal concentrations of catecholamines, indoleamines and their metabolites in several brain regions were similar. The responses in these measures to IL-1β and LPS were also similar, except that there were no significant changes in tryptophan and serotonin metabolism in IL-6ko mice. This may reflect a role for IL-6 in the tryptophan and serotonin responses to IL-1 and LPS. It is concluded that the lack of IL-6 is not associated with substantial alterations in several different mouse behaviors, and in the responses to restraint, IL-1β, IL-6 and LPS.

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“…Intermale aggression represents a powerful and sensitive tool for an accurate quantitative and qualitative assessment of subtle changes in brain functions Cuomo et al 1996;Alleva et al 1998;Fiore et al 1998). In the present study, we assessed the longterm effects of a more extended treatment with AZT, also including the first 10 days of postnatal life.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%