Behavioural expressions of loss-chasing in gambling: A systematic scoping review

Banerjee, Nilosmita; Chen, Zhang; Clark, Luke; Noël, Xavier

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105377

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…Individuals with greater problem gambling severity have a greater tendency to perceive patterns in losing/winning streaks (Turner et al, 2011;Wilke et al, 2014) and exhibit greater within-session loss-chasing tendencies compared to social and/or non-problem gamblers (Banerjee et al, 2023). We therefore explored the potential impacts of involvement levels on the expression of within-session chasing across losing and winning streaks, but overall found no effect of involvement level.…”

Section: Involvement Levelsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Loss-chasing is a multifaceted construct (Edson et al, 2023) and can manifest in distinct behavioral facets (see Banerjee et al, 2023 for a review). It has commonly been captured between sessions, such as returning another time/day to recoup previous losses (Lesieur, 1977;1979).…”

Section: Loss-chasing In Gambling-related Harmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only a small number of studies have assessed the impacts of winning and losing streaks on within-session chasing so far (Banerjee et al, 2023). Two laboratory studies showed that participants increased their stake amount in simulated roulette gambling as the losing (but not winning) streak increased (Studer et al, 2015;Tobias-Webb et al, 2020), which was in line with the gambler's fallacy.…”

Section: Within-session Chasing and Outcome Streaksmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of winning and losing streaks on within-session chasing in online gambling: A replication and extension study

Banerjee,

Noël,

Chen

2024

Preprint

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Background and aims: Loss-chasing (persisting and/or intensifying gambling to recoup previous losses) is a key clinical symptom of gambling disorder. A recent large-scale study assessed loss-chasing within sessions following immediate losses and wins in an online commercial gamble and found that gamblers stopped playing and decreased stake amount after losses than wins but played more quickly following losses than wins (Chen et al., 2022). However, how loss-chasing may change across outcome streaks has remained unclear. The current study aimed to replicate Chen et al. (2022) and extend it to outcome streaks. Methods. A large-scale dataset of 4308 gamblers (~71 million rounds) from the same gamble was analyzed to assess three facets of within-session chasing following winning and losing streaks, namely persistence, changes in stake size and speed of play. Results: We replicated the main findings from Chen et al. Extending the previous findings, gamblers significantly decreased persistence and stake amount but did not change speed of play as the losing streak increased. Contrarily, no clear pattern was observed following winning streaks. Moreover, gambler’s gambling involvement level (high vs. low) did not impact within-session chasing. Discussion and conclusion: The current results can be most parsimoniously explained by the wealth effect, in which reduced gambling funds following consecutive losses constrained gamblers’ tendency to continue and increase stake sizes, but not their speed of play. This finding has implications for both research into the psychological mechanisms of chasing, and safer gambling initiatives that aim to identify markers of chasing in real gambling.

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Section: Involvement Levelsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Loss-chasing In Gambling-related Harmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Within-session Chasing and Outcome Streaksmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of winning and losing streaks on within-session chasing in online gambling: A replication and extension study

Banerjee,

Noël,

Chen

2024

Preprint

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“…The increased response speed and sometimes increased risk-taking after losing may be problematic in some situations. For instance, in gambling, the tendency to continue or intensify betting after losing is called 'loss-chasing' (Banerjee et al, 2023;Zhang & Clark, 2020). Loss-chasing may lead to a vicious circle between losing and continued gambling, and has been widely considered as a key feature of gambling disorder (American Psychiatric Association, 2013;Blaszczynski & Nower, 2002;Nower et al, 2022).…”

Section: Wins and Losses Influence Response Speed And Risky Choicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of prior outcomes and pauses on the speed and quality of risky choices

Chen,

Eben,

Verbruggen

2024

Behavioral Decision Making

Self Cite

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Failures to obtain rewards influence what people choose to do next and how quickly they execute a chosen action, which are two components of motivated behavior. For instance, in risky decisions, losses can induce faster responses and sometimes increase risk‐taking, which may lead to detrimental consequences in some situations (such as gambling). Pauses might reduce these motivational influences of prior outcomes. To examine this question, participants alternated between a guess game, in which they won or lost money, and a choice game, in which they chose between a high probability of winning a small amount of money and a low probability of winning a large amount of money. The pause between a guess and a choice game was made either short (0 or 300 ms) or long (3000 ms). In four experiments, prior outcomes consistently influenced decision speed, such that people chose faster after a loss than after a win. However, prior outcomes did not consistently influence people's choices. In contrast, pauses increased decision quality, such that participants chose the option with a higher expected value more often, without substantially reducing decision speed. Pauses may improve decision quality by influencing predecisional attention allocation to relevant information, as its effect was absent when the overall task attention was high (Experiment 3). These findings have implications for both safer gambling and risky decision research. Future work can examine the underlying computational and cognitive processes and the generalizability of these findings to other contexts and populations.

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“…Problem gambling is also linked to more specific behavioral and cognitive phenomena. "Loss chasing" [4], a diagnostic criterion unique to gambling disorder, refers to intensified gambling in order to recoup one's losses, and individuals suffering from disordered gambling often endorse irrational and superstitious beliefs about the role of skill in gambling, the nature of luck, and their own ability to influence or predict gambling outcomes [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: The Role Of Gambling Formats In Disordered Gamblingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic gambling machines and dopamine.

Peters

2023

Preprint

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Multi-line electronic gambling machines (EGMs) are amongst the gambling products showing the strongest associations with problem gambling symptoms. EGMs are characterized by intermittent reinforcement, salient audio-visual effects and high event frequencies. This paper examines the design features of EGMs through the lens of neurocomputational theories of dopamine, a neurotransmitter that playing a central role in substance-use-disorders, which in turn share clinical and behavioral features with disordered gambling. Dopamine is involved in various aspects of learning, motivation and cognition, ranging from reinforcement learning via prediction errors to the signaling of multiple aspects of stimulus saliency and uncertainty. A careful consideration of the design of modern multi-line EGMs reveals the ways in which these products may elicit a host of dopaminergic effects within their nested anticipation-outcome structure. Potential links between neural, cognitive/affective and clinical/behavioral levels of analysis with respect to EGM gambling are outlined, and implications for the clinical features of gambling disorder as well as policy and regulation are discussed.

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Behavioural expressions of loss-chasing in gambling: A systematic scoping review

Cited by 6 publications

References 122 publications

Effects of winning and losing streaks on within-session chasing in online gambling: A replication and extension study

Effects of winning and losing streaks on within-session chasing in online gambling: A replication and extension study

Differential effects of prior outcomes and pauses on the speed and quality of risky choices

Electronic gambling machines and dopamine.

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