Behavioural factors in drug tolerance

Goudie, Andrew J.; Griffiths, Jayne

doi:10.1016/0165-6147(86)90311-1

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…For example, some investigators have reported that sometimes tolerance is not situationally specific, and sometimes a CCR is not apparent (especially a hyperalgesic CCR following a series of morphine injections) when the usual predrug cues are presented without the drug (e.g., see Goudie, 1990; Kesner & Cook, 1983; Sherman, 1979; Tiffany, 1995). The exceptions have been characterized as “clearly embarrassing for Siegel's account of tolerance” (Goudie & Griffiths, 1986, p. 193) and indicate “that compensatory responses are not integral components of associational tolerance phenomena” (Baker & Tiffany, 1985, p. 95). Some investigators have concluded that there are two types of tolerance that may result from chronic drug administration: associative and pharmacological (see review by Grisel et al, 1994).…”

Section: Intra-administration Associations Drug Tolerance and Drug Wi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pavlovian psychopharmacology: The associative basis of tolerance.

Siegel¹,

Baptista²,

Kim³

et al. 2000

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology

165

163

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The Pavlovian conditioning analysis of drug tolerance emphasizes that cues present at the time of drug administration become associated with drug-induced disturbances. These disturbances elicit unconditional responses that compensate for the pharmacological perturbation. The drug-compensatory responses eventually come to be elicited by drug-paired cues. These conditional compensatory responses (CCRs) mediate tolerance by counteracting the drug effect when the drug is administered in the presence of cues previously paired with the drug. If the usual predrug cues are presented in the absence the drug, the unopposed CCRs are evident as withdrawal symptoms. Recent findings elucidate intercellular and intracellular events mediating CCRs and indicate the importance of internal stimuli (pharmacological cues and interoceptive cues inherent in self-administration) to the acquisition of drug tolerance and the expression of withdrawal symptoms. Early chroniclers of drug effects noted that responsivity to drugs often decreased as a function of experience with the drug. For example, in 1612, Jean Mousin, physician to the King of France, wondered why individuals sometimes became progressively more sober while they were continuing to drink alcoholic beverages. Although the term tolerance was not used until some years later, it appears that Mousin observed the phenomenon now termed acute tolerance-decreased responsiveness to a drug within the course of a single administration (Kalant, 1998). Acute Tolerance and Withdrawal Acute tolerance has been investigated extensively with respect to ethanol (e.g., see LeBlanc, Kalant, & Gibbins, 1975) as well as other drugs, such as opiates. For example, over the course of a single, long administration of morphine, accomplished by gradual infusion via an implanted morphine pellet, the analgesic effect of the drug decreases (e.g., see Tilson, Rech, & Stolman, 1973; Wei & Way, 1975). The existence of acute tolerance is evidence that pharmacological stimulation initiates adaptive responses that compensate for the primary drug effect (

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Section: Intra-administration Associations Drug Tolerance and Drug Wi...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pavlovian psychopharmacology: The associative basis of tolerance.

Siegel¹,

Baptista²,

Kim³

et al. 2000

Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology

165

163

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Empirical evidence of conditional hyperalgesia has been reported (Krank et al, 1981;Siegel, 1975). However, other studies have failed to confirm conditional hyperalgesia when animals were tested in the drug-appropriate environment in the absence of the morphine-elicited UR (Goudie & Griffiths, 1986;La Hoste et al, 1980;Palletta & Wagner, 1986;Tiffany et al, 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associative factors in tolerance to analgesia produced by electrical stimulation in the brainstem.

Paúl

Phillips²

1990

Behavioral Neuroscience

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Tolerance to the analgesic effects of electrical stimulation of the periaqueductal gray was confirmed, and it was demonstrated that this effect was mediated by environmental conditional stimuli (CSs). First, tolerance was extinguished after repeated presentation of CSs in the absence of brain stimulation. Second, environment-specific tolerance was demonstrated. Analgesia was reinstated after brain stimulation in a different test environment. Omission of brain stimulation in the stimulation environment failed to reveal a hyperalgesic response in tolerant Ss. Brain-stimulation analgesia should be beneficial for analyzing neural mechanisms underlying conditioned tolerance to analgesia.

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“…Thus, the development of "environmentdependent" tolerance has reliably been demonstrated for many central nervous system depressants (e.g. Siegel 1975;File 1985;Goudie and Demellweek 1986) including ethanol (e.g. Le et al 1979;Melchior and Tabakoff 1981 ;Liljequist et al 1990).…”

Section: Habituation and Environment-dependent Ethanol Tolerancementioning

confidence: 97%

“…The exact nature of these putative behavioral mechanisms in drug tolerance is currently not fully known, but include classical conditioning, habituation and cognitive processes and are currently lively debated (Siegel and Rae 1984;Goudie and Griffiths 1986). Regardless of whether the habituation model or the Pavlovian conditioning model will ultimately provide the most satisfactory explanation of these behavioral phenomena, it is now quite clear that behavioral and/or environmental factors exert a powerful influence on the development of drug tolerance.…”

Section: Habituation and Environment-dependent Ethanol Tolerancementioning

confidence: 98%

“…More recently, it has been demonstrated that environmental factors have to be considered also in the examination of development of functional tolerance to ethanol (Le et al 1979;Melchior and Tabakoff 1981;Liljequist et al 1990). The exact nature of these environmental factors has recently been vigorously debated and presumably involves processes of both learning and habituation (Siegel and Rae 1984;Goudie and Griffiths 1986).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Evidence that genetic differences in habituation and GABAergic mechanisms may be related to sensitivity to ethanol and development of ethanol tolerance in mice

Liljequist

1991

Psychopharmacology

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Habituation to a test environment following daily exposure for 5 days was examined in three genetically different strains of mice. C57 animals showed significant habituation to the new environment already on the second day. The habituation of NMRI mice was significant on the third day, whereas CBA mice showed no habituation at all during the experimental period. There was no difference between the animal strains in learning capacity in a passive avoidance test, but CBA mice displayed a significant increase in latency in their performance. When tested for sensitivity to the convulsant actions of GABAergic antagonists, picrotoxin produced seizures at lower doses in CBA as compared to NMRI and C57 mice, whereas there was no difference between the strains in the seizure activity produced by the specific GABA receptor antagonist bicuculline. When the animals were tested for sensitivity to ethanol in a horizontal wire test, ethanol (2 g/kg, IP) produced muscle relaxation in CBA mice whereas the performance of NMRI and C57 was not affected. A large dose of ethanol (4 g/kg, IP) produced a significantly longer sleeping time in CBA mice as compared to NMRI and C57 animals. Ethanol-produced hypothermia was, however, similar in all animals. Environment-dependent development of tolerance to ethanol following daily injections of ethanol for 4 days was examined. C57 mice showed the most rapid development of tolerance towards ethanol's hypnotic actions, whereas CBA mice showed no tolerance to this effect of ethanol. No difference between the strains to the development of tolerance to ethanol's hypothermic effects was observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Behavioural factors in drug tolerance

Cited by 18 publications

References 17 publications

Pavlovian psychopharmacology: The associative basis of tolerance.

Pavlovian psychopharmacology: The associative basis of tolerance.

Associative factors in tolerance to analgesia produced by electrical stimulation in the brainstem.

Evidence that genetic differences in habituation and GABAergic mechanisms may be related to sensitivity to ethanol and development of ethanol tolerance in mice

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