Behavioural fever in zebrafish larvae

Rey, Sónia; Moiche, Vega Ana Visila; Mackenzie, Simon

doi:10.1016/j.dci.2016.09.008

Cited by 17 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The observed mortality in the “no fever” group are in concordance with previous studies of fish challenged at a constant temperature, which suggests that high tropism of IPNv observed in pronephros is followed by an increase of the mortality after 7 days of virus infection ( 82 – 84 ). Although the beneficial or deleterious effects of fever are still debated ( 7 – 10 ), the present results extend our previous observations that behavioral fever in ectotherms has a positive adaptive value due to increased survival ( 5 , 17 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…In thermally stressed fish, for example, increased temperatures with no behavioral choice the thermal stress negatively impacts upon the glucocorticoid response (GC), innate immunity ( 12 , 13 ), the oxidative stress response ( 14 , 15 ), and causes reduced lymphocyte numbers and proliferation rates ( 16 ). Interestingly, under adequate environmental conditions that include a thermal choice fish are able to successfully orchestrate regulatory responses to potentiate immunity ( 17 ) or improve metabolic and growth performance ( 18 ). Behavioral fever in response to pathogen challenge has been shown in fish as a response to bacterial (tilapia), cytokine (trout), and viral pathogens (carp, zebrafish), in lizards as a response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of bacterial wall of Escherichia coli ( 19 ) and invertebrates highlighting the evolutionary importance of this response in ectotherms ( 20 – 23 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Behavioral Fever Drives Epigenetic Modulation of the Immune Response in Fish

et al. 2018

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Ectotherms choose the best thermal conditions to mount a successful immune response, a phenomenon known as behavioral fever. The cumulative evidence suggests that behavioral fever impacts positively upon lymphocyte proliferation, inflammatory cytokine expression, and other immune functions. In this study, we have explored how thermal choice during infection impacts upon underpinning molecular processes and how temperature increase is coupled to the immune response. Our results show that behavioral fever results in a widespread, plastic imprint on gene regulation, and lymphocyte proliferation. We further explored the possible contribution of histone modification and identified global associations between temperature and histone changes that suggest epigenetic remodeling as a result of behavioral fever. Together, these results highlight the critical importance of thermal choice in mobile ectotherms, particularly in response to an infection, and demonstrate the key role of epigenetic modification to orchestrate the thermocoupling of the immune response during behavioral fever.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioral Fever Drives Epigenetic Modulation of the Immune Response in Fish

et al. 2018

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“…In Cyprinus carpio carpio , infection by CyHV-3 virus induces a shift to a higher thermal preference (24°C to 32°C) from 4–6 days post infection (dpi) to 13 dpi. This phenomenon called ‘behavioral fever’ was also observed in zebrafish larvae [33]; it helps ectothermic organisms fight infection and reduce mortality [24]. We did not find any negative correlation between compartment 3 (36.5°C) occupation during the high temperature treatment period and survival in TC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Temperature preference of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles induces spontaneous sex reversal

et al. 2019

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Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) is an African freshwater fish that displays a genetic sex determination system (XX|XY) where high temperatures (above 32°C to 36.5°C) induce masculinization. In Nile tilapia, the thermosensitive period was reported from 10 to 30 days post fertilization. In their natural environment, juveniles may encounter high temperatures that are above the optimal temperature for growth (27–30°C). The relevance of the thermal sex reversal mechanism in a natural context remains unclear. The main objective of our study is to determine whether sexually undifferentiated juveniles spontaneously prefer higher, unfavorable temperatures and whether this choice skews the sex ratio toward males. Five full-sib progenies (from 100% XX crosses) were subjected to (1) a horizontal three-compartment thermal step gradient (thermal continuum 28°C– 32°C– 36.5°C) during the thermosensitive period, (2) a control continuum (28°C– 28°C– 28°C) and (3) a thermal control tank (36.5°C). During the first days of the treatment, up to an average of 20% of the population preferred the masculinizing compartment of the thermal continuum (36.5°C) compared to the control continuum. During the second part of the treatment, juveniles preferred the lower, nonmasculinizing 32°C temperature. This short exposure to higher temperatures was sufficient to significantly skew the sex ratio toward males, compared to congeners raised at 28°C (from 5.0 ± 6.7% to 15.6 ± 16.5% of males). The proportion of males was significantly different in the thermal continuum, thermal control tank and control continuum, and it was positively correlated among populations. Our study shows for the first time that Nile tilapia juveniles can choose a masculinizing temperature during a short period of time. This preference is sufficient to induce sex reversal to males within a population. For the first time, behavior is reported as a potential player in the sex determination mechanism of this species.

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“…In ectotherms, temperature detection is an important preventive system against potential physiological damage resulting from inappropriate temperature driven allostatic loading (Boltaña et al, 2017). Fish subjected to a simple experimental manipulation actively regulate physiological responses by shifting positions within a thermal gradient, thus highlighting a "fine" control of regulatory responses (Boltaña et al, 2013;Boltaña et al, 2017;Rey et al, 2017). Thermal choice, and the associated responses, are elicited by thermal perception through the transient receptor potential (TRP) channel family.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The expression of TRPV channels, prostaglandin E2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines during behavioural fever in fish

Boltaña

Sanhueza

Donoso

et al. 2018

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity

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A fever, or increased body temperature, is a symptom of inflammation, which is a complex defence reaction of the organism to pathogenic infections. After pathogens enter the body, immune cells secrete a number of agents, the functions of which stimulate the body to develop a functional immune and fever response. In mammals it is known that PGE is the principal mediator of fever. The extent to which PGE and other pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-6, or IL-1β could be involved in the induction of behavioural fever in fish remains to be clarified. Several members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of ion channels have been implicated as transducers of thermal stimuli, including TRPV1 and TRPV2, which are activated by heat. Here we show that members of the TRP family, TRPV1 and TRPV4, may participate in the coordination of temperature sensing during the behavioural fever. To examine the behavioral fever mechanism in Salmo salar an infection with IPNV, infectious pancreatic necrosis virus, was carried out by an immersion challenge with 10 × 10 PFU/mL of IPNV. Behavioural fever impacted upon the expression levels of both TRPV1 and TRPV4 mRNAs after the viral challenge and revealed a juxtaposed regulation of TRPV channels. Our results suggest that an increase in the mRNA abundance of TRPV1 is tightly correlated with a significant elevation in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and PGE) in the Pre-Optic Area (POA) and cytokine release in plasma. Together, these data indicate that the reduction of TRPV4 expression during behavioural fever may contribute to the onset of behavioural fever influencing movement toward higher water temperatures. Our data also suggest an effect of TRPV channels in the regulation of behavioural fever through activation of EP3 receptors in the central nervous system by PGE induced by plasma-borne cytokines. These results highlight for first time in mobile ectotherms the key role of pro-inflammatory cytokines and TRPV channels in behavioural fever that likely involves a complex integration of prostaglandin induction, cytokine recognition and temperature sensing.

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Behavioural fever in zebrafish larvae

Cited by 17 publications

References 42 publications

Behavioral Fever Drives Epigenetic Modulation of the Immune Response in Fish

Behavioral Fever Drives Epigenetic Modulation of the Immune Response in Fish

Temperature preference of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) juveniles induces spontaneous sex reversal

The expression of TRPV channels, prostaglandin E2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines during behavioural fever in fish

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