Behavioural inhibition: A predictor of anxiety

Svihra, Martin; Katzman, Martin A.

doi:10.1093/pch/9.8.547

Cited by 33 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…To our knowledge, this study represents the first to examine the use of a computer-based task to assess the personality trait of BI, which has been linked to vulnerability to anxiety disorders (Hirshfeld et al, 1992; Svihra & Katzman, 2004) and PTSD (Fincham et al, 2008; Kashdan et al, 2009). However, some prior studies have used more sophisticated immersive environments to examine how online behavior relates to personality traits (Bessière et al, 2007; Fong & Mar, 2015; Wohn & Wash, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BI can be identified in childhood based on structured interview and/or observation of behavior of the child when confronted with unfamiliar people and objects (Kagan, Reznick, Clarke, Snidman, & Garcia-Coll, 1984). Inhibited temperament in childhood is a risk factor for future development of anxiety disorders (Biederman et al, 1993; Hirshfeld et al, 1992; Pérez-Edgar et al, 2010; Svihra & Katzman, 2004) and for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD; Fincham, Smit, Carey, Stein, & Seedat, 2008; Kashdan, Morina, & Priebe, 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Watch what I do, not what I say I do: Computer-based avatars to assess behavioral inhibition, a vulnerability factor for anxiety disorders

Myers

Kostek

Ekeh

et al. 2016

Computers in Human Behavior

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Behavioral inhibition (BI), a tendency to withdraw from or avoid novel social and non-social situations, is a personality trait which can confer risk for anxiety disorders. Like many personality traits, BI is often assessed via self-report questionnaires where respondents rate themselves for frequency of certain behaviors or feelings. However, questionnaires have inherent limitations, particularly in psychiatric populations where there may be unawareness of deficit. A viable alternative may be virtual environments, in which the participant guides an on-screen “avatar” through a series of onscreen events meant to simulate real-world situations. Here, we report on initial development of such an assessment tool, involving several onscreen scenarios with choice points where the participant can select from response options corresponding to inhibited or uninhibited behaviors. In two experiments involving over 300 college students, scores on the computer-based task were strongly correlated with BI scores attained through self-report questionnaire (r>.780, p<.001); this relationship held regardless of participant gender and experience with computer games. The results suggest that virtual environments may hold promise as alternative formats for assessment of personality traits in populations unsuited to traditional paper-and-pencil questionnaire formats due to psychopathology, limited attention span, or poor vocabulary and/or literacy skills.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Watch what I do, not what I say I do: Computer-based avatars to assess behavioral inhibition, a vulnerability factor for anxiety disorders

Myers

Kostek

Ekeh

et al. 2016

Computers in Human Behavior

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“…Further, adolescents with high and stable patterns of childhood BI exhibit more social avoidance, sensitivity towards social rejection, and stress-related anxiety than their non-inhibited counterparts (Fox & Pine, 2012). Hence, early childhood BI predicts risk for later anxiety, particularly social anxiety (Ballespi, Jane & Riba, 2012; Svihra & Katzman, 2004). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Moderating Role of Attention Biases in understanding the link between Behavioral Inhibition and Anxiety

Nozadi

Troller‐Renfree

White

et al. 2016

Journal of Experimental Psychopathology

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The current study aimed to extend the results of White et al. (2015) by examining the moderating role of attention biases at age 5 on the relations between Behavioral Inhibition (BI) during toddlerhood and anxiety symptoms at age 10. Children’s BI at 2 and 3 years of age was measured using laboratory assessments, and attention bias towards threat was assessed using a dot-probe task at age 5. Latent Class Analysis (LCA) was used to identify the probability for children’s membership in an anxiety class, which reflected primary anxiety at age 10 that was not comorbid with symptoms of inattention. Maternal and self-report measures of children’s mental health, collected via questionnaires and semi-structured diagnostic interviews, were used as indicators for the LCA. The results revealed that threat-related attention biases moderated the relation between BI and anxiety, such that BI positively predicted the probability of being in the anxiety class only when children had an attention bias towards threat. BI was unrelated to anxiety when children had no attention bias or an attention bias away from threat. These results indicated that attention biases during preschool may differentiate between inhibited children who are at heightened risk for anxiety later in childhood from those who are not. The results are discussed in a framework detailing the role of attention biases in increasing the sensitivity for anxiety-related problems in children who display high levels of BI during early childhood.

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“…Individual differences in novelty seeking and response to novelty are predictive of risk for multiple psychiatric disorders, including anxiety disorders or alcohol and substance abuse (1–4). Animal models have used a variety of novelty paradigms to understand the basic mechanisms involved, often with differing results depending on the type of novelty test.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novelty seeking phenotype is related to chronic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity reflected by hair cortisol

Jorgensen

Grzywa

Fairbanks

2011

Physiology & Behavior

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Reduced hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) activity is associated with greater novelty seeking in humans. Hair cortisol represents an integrated proxy measure of total cortisol production/release over an extended period of time and may be a valuable tool for tracking the HPA system. Sampling approaches (collection of blood, saliva, urine, or feces) for socially housed nonhuman primates present a number of technical challenges for collection particularly when repeated sampling is necessary. Herein we describe a relationship between cortisol levels measured in hair collected from 230 socially housed female vervet (Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) monkeys and a free-choice novelty seeking phenotype. A predator-like object was placed at the periphery of the outdoor enclosures for 30 min and speed of approach (latency to approach within 1 m) and persistence of interest (number of 1 min intervals within 1 m) were scored. A composite Novelty Seeking score, combining these two measures, was calculated. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC=.68) for two different objects across years indicated that this score reflects a stable aspect of temperament. Hair samples were collected from each subject approximately 3–6 months following the second assessment; cortisol levels were determined from the hair. A significant inverse relationship of Novelty Seeking score with hair cortisol level (p < .01) was noted. The high hair cortisol groups had significantly lower Novelty Seeking scores than the low cortisol groups both years (p’s < .05). These results suggest that low average cortisol levels promote novelty seeking, while high average levels inhibit novelty seeking behavior.

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Behavioural inhibition: A predictor of anxiety

Cited by 33 publications

References 23 publications

Watch what I do, not what I say I do: Computer-based avatars to assess behavioral inhibition, a vulnerability factor for anxiety disorders

Watch what I do, not what I say I do: Computer-based avatars to assess behavioral inhibition, a vulnerability factor for anxiety disorders

The Moderating Role of Attention Biases in understanding the link between Behavioral Inhibition and Anxiety

A novelty seeking phenotype is related to chronic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity reflected by hair cortisol

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