Behavioural responses and biochemical correlates in <i>Solea solea</i> to gradual hypoxic exposure

Via, Josef Dalla; Thillart, G. van den; Cattani, Otello; Cortesi, P.

doi:10.1139/z98-141

Cited by 46 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The increase in plasma Cl -may be related to HCO 3 -decrease, as gill acid-base flux (H + and HCO 3 -) is usually coupled to ion exchanges (Cl -and Na + ). Marked increase in plasma lactate showed that fish resorted to anaerobic metabolism within 4 h, as has previously been observed in turbot under similar hypoxic conditions and in another flat fish species, sole (Solea solea) (Dalla Via et al, 1998;Van den Thillart et al, 1994). Survival was over 95% at the end of the 12-h test, which is in agreement with the survival challenge test results.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effects of repeated hypoxic shocks on growth and metabolism of turbot juveniles

Ruyet

2003

Aquatic Living Resources

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Turbot juveniles (45 g) were exposed for 41 d (17°C, 34‰ salinity) to constant normoxic (100-100% air saturation, 100-100) or moderate hypoxic (75-75% air saturation, 75-75) conditions and to repeated hypoxic shocks (20% saturation for 1 h, 5 d per week) from normoxic (100-20% air saturation, 100-20) or moderate hypoxic (75-20% air saturation, 75-20) conditions. A normoxic group was feed restricted (100-FR). Mass increase of 100-100 and 75-75 groups fed to satiation was not significantly different. In comparison, it was significantly lower in the 100-20 and 75-20 groups (NS between the two hypoxic shocks groups). Intermediate results were obtained in the 100-100-FR group. The lowest mass increase under hypoxic shocks was explained by a significant decrease in both feed intake and food conversion efficiency (FCE). FCE was lower in the two hypoxic groups, but only the 75-20 group was significantly different from all the other groups. There was no sign of stress and no change in the physiological status of fish in any group. When challenged, pre-conditioning of turbot to regular hypoxic shocks extended survival time, slightly but significantly, for 50% of the population. It was 8 h longer in starved than in fed fish. When reared for 1 year in normoxic water, the growth rate of post-challenged survivors was dependent on pre-conditioning: day 0-375 specific growth rate was significantly higher in the two groups acclimated to repeated hypoxic shocks. In the second experiment, it was shown that exposure to 20% air saturation for 12 h led to major physiological changes within 4 h: a significant decrease in plasma total CO 2 and increase in plasma lactate contributing in maintaining blood pH stable, and a significant increase in osmolarity and chloride concentration. When returned to normoxic water, the recovery capacity of the fish was high: plasma osmolarity and total CO 2 returned to pre-exposure levels within 1 h. The results are discussed in terms of turbot capacity to cope with repeated hypoxic shocks and to acclimate. RésuméEffets de chocs hypoxiques répétés sur la croissance et le métabolisme du turbot juvénile. Des turbots (45 g) ont été élévés pendant 41 jours (17°C, et 34 salinité) en normoxie (100-100 % de la saturation) ou hypoxie modérée (75-75), ou soumis à des chocs hypoxiques de 20 % de la saturation pendant une heure 5 fois par semaine (100-20 et 75-20). Un lot en normoxie reçoit la ration alimentaire du lot 100-20 (100-R). La croissance pondérale n'a pas été perturbée par l'hypoxie modérée à niveau constant mais l'a été par les chocs hypoxiques répétés. La baisse de croissance observée résulte d'un effet cumulé d'une baisse de l'appétit et d'une diminution de l'efficacité alimentaire (lot 75-20 significativement différent des autres lots). Aucune modification de l'état physiologique n'a été mise en évidence (absence de stress). Une mise à l'épreuve en fin d'expérience (20 % de la saturation) a montré qu'un préconditionnement à différentes conditions d'oxygénation a un effet bénéfique faible ma...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Effects of repeated hypoxic shocks on growth and metabolism of turbot juveniles

Ruyet

2003

Aquatic Living Resources

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“…These parameters reached minimum values at a P O2 at 24 mmHg, and then increased as P O2 was further reduced. A similar biphasic change in activity associated with decreasing P O2 was observed in sole (Solea solea; Dalla Via et al, 1998;McKenzie et al, 2008). Reports for P crit in adult zebrafish are ∼20 mmHg (Barrionuevo and Burggren, 1999;Barrionuevo et al, 2010), although a more recent study presented a considerably higher value that varied between males and females (Robertson et al, 2014).…”

Section: Asr Behaviour In Zebrafishsupporting

confidence: 58%

“…For most aquatic organisms that are incapable of using air as a respiratory medium, there is a reliance on gills for gas exchange (Randall and Daxboeck, 1984;Evans et al, 2005). In fish, environmental hypoxia produces reflex physiological responses, such as hyperventilation, bradycardia and changes in vascular resistance (Randall and Shelton, 1963;Holeton and Randall, 1967;Perry et al, 2009), as well as behavioural changes to decrease the physiological and biochemical demands imposed by hypoxia (Dalla Via et al, 1998;Domenici et al, 2000;Sloman et al, 2006;Chapman and McKenzie, 2009). One such behaviour is aquatic surface respiration, or ASR (Sloman et al, 2008;Chapman and McKenzie, 2009;Perry et al, 2009;Taylor et al, 2010;Richards, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquatic surface respiration and swimming behaviour in adult and developing zebrafish exposed to hypoxia

Abdallah

Thomas

Jonz

2015

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Severe hypoxia elicits aquatic surface respiration (ASR) behaviour in many species of fish, where ventilation of the gills at the air-water interface improves O 2 uptake and survival. ASR is an important adaptation that may have given rise to air breathing in vertebrates. The neural substrate of this behaviour, however, is not defined. We characterized ASR in developing and adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) to ascertain a potential role for peripheral chemoreceptors in initiation or modulation of this response. Adult zebrafish exposed to acute, progressive hypoxia (P O2 from 158 to 15 mmHg) performed ASR with a threshold of 30 mmHg, and spent more time at the surface as P O2 decreased. Acclimation to hypoxia attenuated ASR responses. In larvae, ASR behaviour was observed between 5 and 21 days postfertilization with a threshold of 16 mmHg. Zebrafish decreased swimming behaviour (i.e. distance, velocity and acceleration) as P O2 was decreased, with a secondary increase in behaviour near or below threshold P O2 . In adults that underwent a 10-day intraperitoneal injection regime of 10 μg g −1 serotonin (5-HT) or 20 μg g −1 acetylcholine (ACh), an acute bout of hypoxia (15 mmHg) increased the time engaged in ASR by 5.5 and 4.9 times, respectively, compared with controls. Larvae previously immersed in 10 μmol l −1 5-HT or ACh also displayed an increased ASR response. Our results support the notion that ASR is a behavioural response that is reliant upon input from peripheral O 2 chemoreceptors. We discuss implications for the role of chemoreceptors in the evolution of air breathing.

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“…The response of S. aurata to a progressive decline in O 2 suggests that this species copes with hypoxia by reducing its activity level, a response that may conserve energy and prolong survival time when hypoxia cannot be avoided (reviewed by Chapman & McKenzie 2009). A similar response has been seen in crucian carp Carassius carassius, eelpout Zoarces viviparus, white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus and common sole Solea solea (Fischer et al 1992, Nilsson et al 1993, Dalla Via et al 1998, Cech & Crocker 2002. In species such as Atlantic herring Clupea harengus, rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and red hake Urophycis chuss (Bejda et al 1987, van Raaij et al 1996, Domenici et al 2000, attempts to flee from the situation seem to be more prevalent.…”

Section: Effect Of O 2 On Swimming Speedmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effect of temperature on the metabolism, behaviour and oxygen requirements of Sparus aurata

Remen¹,

Nederlof²,

Folkedal³

et al. 2015

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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There is currently little information on the sea cage O 2 levels in S. aurata aquaculture, but variation in the above mentioned factors is expected to cause variable levels of O 2 in S. aurata production systems as well. In order to develop production strategies ABSTRACT: We investigated the effect of temperature on the limiting oxygen saturation (LOS) of gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata. This threshold was defined as the % O 2 saturation where fish no longer upheld their routine metabolic rate (RMR, the metabolic rate of fed and active fish) during a progressive decline in oxygen saturation. S. aurata (398 ± 10 g, mean ± SE) were kept in 3 replicate tanks and subjected to 3 changes in temperature: 16 to 20°C, 20 to 16°C and 16 to 12°C. At each temperature, fish were left to acclimatize for 8 to 10 d, before daily feed intake (DFI), the routine oxygen consumption rate (routine MO 2 , mg kg −1 min −1) and the LOS were measured. In addition, at 20°C the swimming speed was measured in fish subjected to a decline in O 2 from full air saturation to levels below the LOS (minimum of 8−10% O 2 ). For the temperature range tested (12−20°C), DFI, MO 2 and LOS increased exponentially with temperature (7.5-, 3.6-and 2.2-fold, respectively) with mean (± SE) LOS being 17 ± 1, 21 ± 0 and 35 ± 5% O 2 at 12, 16 and 20°C, respectively. A gradual decline in swimming activity was observed as O 2 declined below the LOS, indicating increasing metabolic stress and/or a 'sit-out' coping strategy which may prolong survival time in severe hypoxia. The results show the importance of temperature as an influential variable over the environmental O 2 requirements of S. aurata.

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Behavioural responses and biochemical correlates in Solea solea to gradual hypoxic exposure

Cited by 46 publications

References 23 publications

Effects of repeated hypoxic shocks on growth and metabolism of turbot juveniles

Effects of repeated hypoxic shocks on growth and metabolism of turbot juveniles

Aquatic surface respiration and swimming behaviour in adult and developing zebrafish exposed to hypoxia

Effect of temperature on the metabolism, behaviour and oxygen requirements of Sparus aurata

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