Behavioural tagging: Effect of novelty exploration on plasticity related molecular signatures

Naseem, Mehar; Vishnoi, Shruti; Kaushik, Medha; Parvez, Suhel

doi:10.1007/s00221-021-06099-4

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…The behavioral findings are parallel with the previous studies portraying the BT phenomenon for the memory consolidation using the OF paradigm as the novel exposure (Moncada, 2017;Naseem et al, 2021;Vishnoi et al, 2022). Additionally, our findings corroborated with existing evidence that EE helps in the enhancement of cognition and memory through several cellular and molecular cascades (Cintoli et al, 2018;Hullinger et al, 2015;Stazi et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…were used for the study (Naseem et al, 2021). All animals were housed at CAHF in polycarbonate cages with dry rice husk as the bedding material.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enhanced chemi-luminescence reaction substrate (ECL; Thermo Scientific, USA) was used for the visualization of bands followed by densitometric analysis using Image J software (NIH, USA) (Kaushik et al, 2021;Naseem et al, 2021).…”

Section: Western Blottingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…BT model has been validated using different neurobehavioral paradigms such as spatial object recognition (SOR), inhibitory avoidance task (IAT), contextual fear conditioning (CFC), conditioned taste aversion task (CTA), and novel object recognition (NOR) task, although the novelty provided in the experiments, was same, i.e., OF exploration ( Moncada and Viola, 2007 ; Moncada et al, 2011 ; Moncada, 2017 ; Naseem et al, 2019 , 2021 ; Vishnoi et al, 2022 ). However, there is a paucity of literature providing insights on the effect of different types of novelty on the memory consolidation process and PRPs under the BT hypothesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, BDNF also sustains L-LTP through PKMζ, establishing a crosslink between two memory- related markers ( Mei et al, 2011 ; Panja and Bramham, 2014 ). PKMζ and BDNF have been established as the PRP candidates involved in consolidating LTM in the prelimbic cortex through the BT paradigm ( Naseem et al, 2019 , 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environment Enrichment Facilitates Long-Term Memory Consolidation through Behavioral Tagging

Kaushik¹,

Kaushik²,

Panwar

et al. 2023

eNeuro

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The Behavioral Tagging (BT) hypothesis provides crucial insights into the mechanism of long-term memory (LTM) consolidation. Novelty exposure in BT is a decisive step in activating the molecular machinery of memory formation. Several studies have validated BT utilizing different neurobehavioral tasks, however, the novelty given in all studies is open field (OF) exploration. Environment enrichment (EE) is another key experimental paradigm to explore the fundamentals of brain functioning. Recently, several studies have highlighted the importance of EE in enhancing cognition, LTM, and synaptic plasticity. Hence, in the present study, we investigated the effects of different types of novelty on LTM consolidation and PRP synthesis utilizing the BT phenomenon. Novel object recognition (NOR) was used as the learning task for rodents (male Wistar rats), while OF and EE were two types of novel experiences provided to the rodents. Our results indicated that EE exposure efficiently leads to LTM consolidation through the BT phenomenon. In addition, EE exposure significantly enhances protein kinase Mζ (PKMζ) synthesis in the hippocampus region of the rat brain. However, the OF exposure did not lead to significant PKMζ expression. Further, our results did not find alterations in BDNF expression after EE and OF exposure in the hippocampus. Hence, it is concluded that different types of novelty mediate the BT phenomenon up to the same extent at the behavioral level. However, the implications of different novelties may differ at molecular levels.Significance StatementGiven its inherent significance, novelty exposure is frequently prioritized in learning and memory. The behavioral tagging model for discovering the processes of long-term memory consolidation also relies on novelty exploration in its entirety. Yet, the model has not been studied in purview of different types of novelties. Hence, the present study aims to decipher the effects of different novelties, namely, open field exploration and environment enrichment, on the memory consolidation process utilizing the behavioral tagging phenomenon. Moreover, the implications of novelty-induced behavioral changes on memory-related molecular markers are analyzed. Our findings indicate, for the first time, that environment enrichment efficiently consolidates long-term memory through a behavioral tagging mechanism, and the process is specific to PKMζ synthesis in the hippocampus.

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