“…These specific genetic markers were chosen for the following reasons: (1) their frequencies are known in many areas of the world, (2) the pertinent observations are easily made, (3) there is little if any environmental effect upon their manifestation, and (4) they are dissimilarly distributed in Cau casian and Amerindian populations [Boyd, 1950; M o u r a n t , , 1958Post, 1962], This last point permits comparison of our samples with the two principal components of the contemporary Chilean population; namely European Caucasoid and Amerindian, and elucidation of the relationships of each of the various subgroups to these basic populations.…”