Beiträge zur systematischen Verwandtschaftslehre. 50. Über Die pneumatolytische Überführung von Gold durch Chlor

Chemical Vapor Transport Reactions – A Historical Review

“…They report on the chemical reactions involved in this process and the thermochemical background in detail, in a paper titled "Über die pneumatolytische Überführung von Gold mit Chlor" (On the pneumatolytic transfer of gold by means of chlorine). [13] The absolutely unexpected temperature dependent inversion of the migration direction of gold in a temperature gradient was traced back by the authors to the formation of gaseous gold(III) and gold(I) chloride, respectively. In 1932 Werner Fischer was the first to clarify the basic principle of a chemical vapor transport using as example the reaction of alumina with chlorine and hydrogen chloride, respectively (Figure 1).…”

“…Thorough analysis of the effective flow from the source to the sink of the various gas species led to the identification of the following reactions (Equation (8), Equation (9), Equation (10), and Equation (11)) to be responsible [ 49] for the transport of VO 2 . Accordingly, a combination of reactions (Equation (12), Equation (13), and Equation (14) …”

Chemical Vapor Transport Reactions – Arguments for Choosing a Suitable Transport Agent

“…Mere traces of the transport agent may cause a significant transport effect. Transport reactions are often described by the following general Equation (2) in literature:…”

“…The basic principle of such reactions was detected very early on by Mond, Langer, and Quincke [1] as well as Biltz, Fischer, and Juza [2] in two examples, namely the volatilization of nickel in the presence of carbon monoxide and that of gold in a stream of chlorine, respectively.…”

Template‐Fabricated Gold Nanowires from Gas‐Phase Transport Reactions

“…[4] The chemical transport of gold by means of iodine has only been reported in a qualitative way; [6] the transport effect by chlorine was first described by Biltz. [7,8] In this work we report on the chemical transport of gold by gaseous iodine in a temperature gradient between 1000 and 650°C by means of AuI. Gaseous AuI is supposed to be the essential species of the transport mechanism according to Equation (2).…”