Belastet in den Beruf – Empathie und Burnout bei Medizinstudierenden am Ende des Praktischen Jahres

Koehl-Hackert, Nadja; Schultz, Jobst‐Hendrik; Nikendei, Christoph; Möltner, Andreas; Gedrose, Benjamin; Bussche, Hendrik van den; Jünger, Jana

doi:10.1016/j.zefq.2012.02.020

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Research considering the effects of stress on empathy predominantly focuses on problems associated with chronic stress in health care employees (Koehl-Hackert et al, 2012; West, 2012). Especially the negative consequences of stress have been intensively investigated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this sector, studies show that empathy is blunted by stressors such as high workload, exposure to suffering patients or patient death, and ethical conflicts (Koehl-Hackert et al, 2012; West, 2012; Newton, 2013). However, there is an obvious lack of experimental studies on the association between acute psychosocial stress and its influence on empathy and the observation of pain in others, which might be able to disentangle the mechanisms that contribute to the possibly detrimental effects of stress on empathy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute psychosocial stress and emotion regulation skills modulate empathic reactions to pain in others

et al. 2014

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Psychosocial stress affects resources for adequate coping with environmental demands. A crucial question in this context is the extent to which acute psychosocial stressors impact empathy and emotion regulation. In the present study, 120 participants were randomly assigned to a control group vs. a group confronted with the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), an established paradigm for the induction of acute psychosocial stress. Empathy for pain as a specific subgroup of empathy was assessed via pain intensity ratings during a pain-picture task. Self-reported emotion regulation skills were measured as predictors using an established questionnaire. Stressed individuals scored significantly lower on the appraisal of pain pictures. A regression model was chosen to find variables that further predict the pain ratings. These findings implicate that acute psychosocial stress might impair empathic processes to observed pain in another person and the ability to accept one's emotion additionally predicts the empathic reaction. Furthermore, the ability to tolerate negative emotions modulated the relation between stress and pain judgments, and thus influenced core cognitive-affective functions relevant for coping with environmental challenges. In conclusion, our study emphasizes the necessity of reducing negative emotions in terms of empathic distress when confronted with pain of another person under psychosocial stress, in order to be able to retain pro-social behavior.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute psychosocial stress and emotion regulation skills modulate empathic reactions to pain in others

et al. 2014

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“…These stressors, if not managed adequately by the medical student or physician can lead to substance abuse, suicide, increased cynicism, medical errors, impaired competency, burnout, depression, a sense of lack of accomplishment, as well as influencing specialty choice (Dyrbye et al, 2005, 2006; West et al, 2006; Pejušković et al, 2011). Additional studies show cognitive and affective empathy are blunted by these stressors (West et al, 2006; Thomas et al, 2007; Koehl-Hackert et al, 2012). Taft et al (2011) reveal there is a sexual dimorphism in the strategies used to address stress and burnout.…”

Section: How Physician Stress and Burnout Impacts Empathymentioning

confidence: 98%

Walking a fine line: is it possible to remain an empathic physician and have a hardened heart?

Newton

2013

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Establishing an empathic physician–patient relationship is an essential physician skill. This chapter discusses the sexually dimorphic aspects of the neural components involved in affective and cognitive empathy, and examines why men and women medical students or physicians express different levels of empathy. Studies reveal levels of medical student affective or cognitive empathy can help reveal which medical specialty a student will enter. The data show students or physicians with higher empathy enter into specialties characterized by large amounts of patient contact and continuity of care; and individuals with lower levels of empathy desire specialties having little or no patient contact and little to no continuity of care. Burnout and stress can decrease the empathy physicians had when they first entered medical school to unacceptable levels. Conversely, having a too empathetic physician can let patient conditions and reactions interfere with the ability to provide effective care. By learning to blunt affective empathic responses, physicians establish a certain degree of empathic detachment with the patient in order to provide objective care. However, a physician must not become so detached and hardened that their conduct appears callous, because it is still important for physicians, especially those in specialties with a large amount of patient contact, to use empathic communication skills.

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“…[36], whereas the payment of final year students, which is intensively discussed [95,127], does not seem to have a decisive impact on final year evaluation [36]. The final year seems neither to motivate nor to de-motivate the students to ultimately comprehend the future profession [128], although more than a quarter of the students suffer from emotional exhaustion, which reduces job-related self-efficacy [129]. Finally, final year medical education is not only decisive for the development of clinical expertise, but also constitutes a relevant phase for department directors to gain an impression of possible future employees [130].…”

Section: Students' Final Year Experiences and Transition From The Finmentioning

confidence: 99%

Final Year Medical Education in Germany

Nikendei

Krautter

Nora

et al. 2012

Zeitschrift für Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualität im Gesundheit

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Belastet in den Beruf – Empathie und Burnout bei Medizinstudierenden am Ende des Praktischen Jahres

Cited by 28 publications

References 27 publications

Acute psychosocial stress and emotion regulation skills modulate empathic reactions to pain in others

Acute psychosocial stress and emotion regulation skills modulate empathic reactions to pain in others

Walking a fine line: is it possible to remain an empathic physician and have a hardened heart?

Final Year Medical Education in Germany

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