Belief Propagation List Decoding of Polar Codes

Elkelesh, Ahmed; Ebada, Moustafa; Cammerer, Sebastian; Brink, Stephan ten

doi:10.1109/lcomm.2018.2850772

Cited by 136 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Authors [16] have proposed a multiple permuted factor graph-based decoder for polar codes. This belief propagation list (BPL) decoder is iterative in nature.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance Enhancement of Bit Error Rate with Increased Capacity using Modified SIC-MUD for Polar Code based OFDM-IDMA System for 5G

2019

IJITEE

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 Abstract: In the era of mobile data revolution there is a mass-market of smart phones culminating into an extensive growth in mobile services and applications. However, bandwidth is limited and valuable resource available. In this paper hybrid combination of OFDM-IDMA system is proposed using polar code as forward error correction code and Gold code based interleaver. It presents a method to improvebit error rate with 10 users and normalizedcarrier frequency offsets of 0.1 to 0.5.The simulation is done in the presence of Rayleigh and AWGN channel with 64 QAM modulation technique. A modified successive interference cancellation multi-user detection algorithm is proposed to cater multiple access interference.It is observed that proposed system withnormalized CFO of 0.1 for10 users at required SNR of 15 dB enhances the bit error rate to 1.021*10-4over available existing systems. Hence the capacity of the system and data rate increases by three times to support multimedia application within available bandwidth.

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“…Authors [16] have proposed a multiple permuted factor graph-based decoder for polar codes. This belief propagation list (BPL) decoder is iterative in nature.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This multicarrier-Multi-access method for mobile communication system is assessed dependent on WiMAX standardIEEE 802. 16…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance Enhancement of Bit Error Rate with Increased Capacity using Modified SIC-MUD for Polar Code based OFDM-IDMA System for 5G

2019

IJITEE

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“…Although several other decoding schemes such as the iterative belief propagation (BP) decoding [10] and the iterative belief propagation list (BPL) decoder [11] exist, they are currently not competitive with CRC-aided SCL decoding in terms of error-rate performance [12]. However, they promise more efficient decoder architectures in terms of decoding latency and parallelism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoder-Tailored Polar Code Design Using the Genetic Algorithm

Elkelesh

Ebada

Cammerer

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Commun.

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100

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We propose a new framework for constructing polar codes (i.e., selecting the frozen bit positions) for arbitrary channels, and tailored to a given decoding algorithm, rather than based on the (not necessarily optimal) assumption of successive cancellation (SC) decoding. The proposed framework is based on the Genetic Algorithm (GenAlg), where populations (i.e., collections) of information sets evolve successively via evolutionary transformations based on their individual error-rate performance. These populations converge towards an information set that fits both the decoding behavior and the defined channel. Using our proposed algorithm over the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel, we construct a polar code of length 2048 with code rate 0.5, without the CRC-aid, tailored to plain successive cancellation list (SCL) decoding, achieving the same error-rate performance as the CRC-aided SCL decoding, and leading to a coding gain of 1 dB at BER of 10 −6 . Further, a belief propagation (BP)-tailored construction approaches the SCL error-rate performance without any modifications in the decoding algorithm itself. The performance gains can be attributed to the significant reduction in the total number of low-weight codewords. To demonstrate the flexibility, coding gains for the Rayleigh channel are shown under SCL and BP decoding. Besides improvements in error-rate performance, we show that, when required, the GenAlg can be also set up to reduce the decoding complexity, e.g., the SCL list size or the number of BP iterations can be reduced, while maintaining the same error-rate performance.

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“…This class of decoders could be potentially suitable for high data rate applications (i.e., decoding throughput and latency, from an implementation perspective). In [18], a belief propagation list (BPL) decoder was introduced, with an error-rate performance close to maximum likelihood (ML). Unfortunately, existing variants of BP-based decoders have an error-rate performance which is inferior to that of the CRCaided SCL decoder.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Learning-Based Polar Code Design

Ebada

Cammerer

Elkelesh

et al. 2019

2019 57th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing (Allerton)

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In this work, we introduce a deep learning-based polar code construction algorithm. The core idea is to represent the information/frozen bit indices of a polar code as a binary vector which can be interpreted as trainable weights of a neural network (NN). For this, we demonstrate how this binary vector can be relaxed to a soft-valued vector, facilitating the learning process through gradient descent and enabling an efficient code construction. We further show how different polar code design constraints (e.g., code rate) can be taken into account by means of careful binary-to-soft and soft-to-binary conversions, along with rate-adjustment after each learning iteration. Besides its conceptual simplicity, this approach benefits from having the "decoder-in-the-loop", i.e., the nature of the decoder is inherently taken into consideration while learning (designing) the polar code. We show results for belief propagation (BP) decoding over both AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels with considerable performance gains over state-of-the-art construction schemes.

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Belief Propagation List Decoding of Polar Codes

Cited by 136 publications

References 17 publications

Performance Enhancement of Bit Error Rate with Increased Capacity using Modified SIC-MUD for Polar Code based OFDM-IDMA System for 5G

Performance Enhancement of Bit Error Rate with Increased Capacity using Modified SIC-MUD for Polar Code based OFDM-IDMA System for 5G

Decoder-Tailored Polar Code Design Using the Genetic Algorithm

Deep Learning-Based Polar Code Design

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