Beliefs towards vaccination and trust in the scientific community in Italy

Cadeddu, Chiara; Daugbjerg, Signe; Ricciardi, Walter; Rosano, Aldo

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.07.076

Cited by 45 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Indeed, Ward et al ( 2020 ) find that French who feel close to the established parties on the center-left, the center and the center-right would opt to be vaccinated against COVID-19, whereas people who identify with the far-left and the far-right parties or who do not identify with any party would reject such a vaccine (see Żuk & Żuk, 2020 for a similar result for Poland). While Cadeddu et al ( 2020 ) find that Italians who place themselves to the right of the ideological left–right spectrum tend to consider vaccines harmful, Engin and Vezzoni ( 2020 ), by contrast, do not find an impact of political conservatism on anti-vaccination beliefs in Italy; rather, trust in political institutions and the healthcare system has a strong impact on attitudes toward vaccination.…”

Section: Ideological Orientation and Skepticism Of Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This effect is not observable for survey participants who are less interested in politics. Furthermore, Czarnek et al ( 2020 ) show that the substantive effects of ideology and political interest are only moderate and do not provide support for the expectation that there is a “liberal bias” against vaccines and vaccination, which suggests that, unlike in the USA, vaccines have not become a strongly politicized issue in Europe, even though national laws on mandatory vaccinations for children resulted in intense political debates, as the case of Italy in 2017 has shown (Cadeddu et al 2020 ). However, the politicization of vaccination policy is likely to increase because of the conflicts between European political parties over how to handle the COVID-19 crisis.…”

Section: Ideological Orientation and Skepticism Of Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Political ideology and vaccination willingness: implications for policy design

Debus

Tosun

2021

Policy Sci

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The COVID-19 pandemic has forced governments to impose major restrictions on individual freedom in order to stop the spread of the virus. With the successful development of a vaccine, these restrictions are likely to become obsolete—on the condition that people get vaccinated. However, parts of the population have reservations against vaccination. While this is not a recent phenomenon, it might prove a critical one in the context of current attempts to manage the COVID-19 pandemic. Consequently, the task of designing policies suitable for attaining high levels of vaccination deserves enhanced attention. In this study, we use data from the Eurobarometer survey fielded in March 2019. They show that 39% of Europeans consider vaccines to cause the diseases which they should protect against, that 50% believe vaccines have serious side effects, that 32% think that vaccines weaken the immune system, and that 10% do not believe vaccines are tested rigorously before authorization. We find that—even when controlling for important individual-level factors—ideological extremism on both ends of the spectrum explains skepticism of vaccination. We conclude that policymakers must either politicize the issue or form broad alliances among parties and societal groups in order to increase trust in and public support for the vaccines in general and for vaccines against COVID-19 in particular, since the latter were developed in a very short time period and resulted—in particular in case of the AstraZeneca vaccine—in reservations because of the effectiveness and side effects of the new vaccines.

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Section: Ideological Orientation and Skepticism Of Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ideological Orientation and Skepticism Of Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Political ideology and vaccination willingness: implications for policy design

Debus

Tosun

2021

Policy Sci

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“…A number of studies show that trust in scientists, government, mass media are important determinants of vaccination intentions and behavior (Bradshaw et al, 2020;Cadeddu et al, 2020;de Figueiredo et al, 2020). Liu and Yang (2020) found that trust was positively associated with vaccination intention and was one of the strongly associated factors with intention for a domestic vaccine (compared to imported vaccine, where trust was not significantly associated).…”

Section: Trust In Informational Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Planning for a COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign: The Role of Social Norms, Trust, Knowledge, and Vaccine Attitudes

Thaker¹

2020

Preprint

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Building public trust and willingness to vaccinate against COVID-19 is as important as developing a safe and effective vaccine to contain the pandemic. Based on the theory of normative social behavior, trust, and the theory of planned behavior, this study tests a comprehensive model for COVID-19 vaccine intentions using a national sample survey of the New Zealand public (N=1040). Among the factors assessed in the study, attitudes towards vaccine was most strongly associated with COVID-19 vaccination intentions, followed by trust in mass media, and social norms. While COVID-19 knowledge was associated with COVID-19 vaccine intention, it was not associated with willingness to pay or get on a COVID-19 vaccine list. In contrast, communication competence was not associated with COVID-19 vaccine intention but was significantly associated with willingness to pay or get on a COVID-19 vaccine list. Findings can help inform theory and practice of health campaigns to fight vaccine disinformation and increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake, when available.

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“…A report published by the Ministry of Health, Armenia in 2016 shows that 40-60% of physicians were female and of these 91.8% were paediatricians, family-practice physicians and general practitioners, of which 95.2% were paediatricians 23 . As previous studies of vaccine hesitancy either recorded no significant differences between men and women 24 or have been inconsistent over which gender is more likely to be vaccine hesitant 25,26 , a heavily female survey cohort is unlikely to influence perceptions of vaccine hesitancy overall. Of those participating in this study, 62% were paediatricians, 16% family-practice physicians, 13% gynaecologists, and 9%…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Controversies among health professionals relating to the inclusion of HPV in national immunization schedules has also been described in Spain, where 89% of health professionals were aware of the relationship between HPV infection and cervical cancer but 65.7% resist its introduction into vaccine schedules, arguing that there is no data on its long-term effectiveness. 25 The Armenian physicians also expressed concern over the newness of the Gardasil vaccine (from 36.7% amongst oncologists to 74.5% in family physicians; 58.5% across all specialities). This is particularly concerning with regard to COVID-19, as all the vaccines for this disease (and likely for future emerging diseases) are new and have been developed more quickly than is usual for new pharmaceuticals.…”

Section: Cultural Assumptions and Misconceptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Knowledge and Attitude of Physicians Regarding Vaccinations in Yerevan, Armenia: Challenges for COVID-19

Badalyan

Hovhannisyan

Ghavalyan

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background This primary-data analysis investigates the current level of awareness and medical knowledge of physicians in 20 health facilities in Yerevan, Armenia regarding vaccination, specifically with regard to HPV infection and the recently-introduced Gardasil vaccine used against HPV infection that may have implications for successful roll-outs of national programmes for new vaccines, including those for COVID-19. Methods A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was completed by 348 physicians who met the study inclusion criteria, from 20 out of 36 randomly selected healthcare facilities in Yerevan, Armenia, between Dec 2017 to Sep 2018. The aim of the questionnaire was to identify physicians awareness of and attitudes to HPV-related cervical cancer and the Gardasil vaccine. Responses were analysed using SPSS software (Version 16). Results The responding physicians displayed a respectable level of knowledge and awareness regarding vaccination with regard to some characteristics (e.g. more than 81% knew that HPV infection was commonly asymptomatic, 87% were knew that HPV infection was implicated in most cervical cancers and 87% knew that cervical cancer is the most prevalent cancer amongst women) but low knowledge in others and poor understanding of key issues such as the age at which women were most likely to develop cervical cancer (only 15% answered correctly); whether or not the vaccine should be administered to people who had already been affected (27% answered correctly) and whether sexually active young people should be treated for infection before vaccination (26%). Lack of confidence within the surveyed groups regarding the value of vaccination and, in particular concerns over the reasons for administering it to certain age cohorts, was driven by misconceptions. Conclusions Armenian physicians awareness of vaccine characteristics, the reasons for their inclusion in the national vaccination programme and the characteristics of the diseases they treat can be poor. The study further suggests that drivers of vaccine hesitancy are complex, may not be consistent from vaccine to vaccine, and may vary from generation to generation. The Armenian healthcare sector may need to provide additional training, awareness-raising and educational activities to improve understanding of and trust in vaccination programmes. Further studies are warranted to better understand knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) regarding immunization and vaccination programmes amongst Armenian healthcare workers.

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Beliefs towards vaccination and trust in the scientific community in Italy

Cited by 45 publications

References 42 publications

Political ideology and vaccination willingness: implications for policy design

Political ideology and vaccination willingness: implications for policy design

Planning for a COVID-19 Vaccination Campaign: The Role of Social Norms, Trust, Knowledge, and Vaccine Attitudes

The Knowledge and Attitude of Physicians Regarding Vaccinations in Yerevan, Armenia: Challenges for COVID-19

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