Believe it or not: Moving non-biological stimuli believed to have human origin can be represented as human movement

Gowen, Emma; Bolton, Elizabeth; Poliakoff, Ellen

doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2015.10.010

Cited by 36 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Point-light stimuli depicted an adult male performing salient social-interactive actions such as waving and playing peek-a-boo (Klin et al, 2009; Kaiser et al, 2010b). Critically, to avoid priming biases related to expectations of biological motion (Stanley et al, 2010; Zwickel et al, 2012; Lee et al, 2014; Gowen et al, 2016) participants were told that they would watch a series of short videos, but were given no additional details about the content of the videos and not explicitly informed that stimuli might depict biological motion.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While previous studies used forced-choice discrimination paradigms (e.g., Thurman et al, 2016), it is well-known that instructing participants to identify an animate entity within a dynamic display biases viewing behavior and neural response toward this end (Stanley et al, 2010; Zwickel et al, 2012; Lee et al, 2014; Gowen et al, 2016). Therefore, we expect a passive viewing paradigm to evoke differences in participants' spontaneous tendency to globally perceive or interpret stimuli as biological, thus optimizing our ability to detect individual differences in neural response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neural Response to Biological Motion in Healthy Adults Varies as a Function of Autistic-Like Traits

Puglia

Morris

2017

Front. Neurosci.

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Perception of biological motion is an important social cognitive ability that has been mapped to specialized brain regions. Perceptual deficits and neural differences during biological motion perception have previously been associated with autism, a disorder classified by social and communication difficulties and repetitive and restricted interests and behaviors. However, the traits associated with autism are not limited to diagnostic categories, but are normally distributed within the general population and show the same patterns of heritability across the continuum. In the current study, we investigate whether self-reported autistic-like traits in healthy adults are associated with variable neural response during passive viewing of biological motion displays. Results show that more autistic-like traits, particularly those associated with the communication domain, are associated with increased neural response in key regions involved in social cognitive processes, including prefrontal and left temporal cortices. This distinct pattern of activation might reflect differential neurodevelopmental processes for individuals with varying autistic-like traits, and highlights the importance of considering the full trait continuum in future work.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Response to Biological Motion in Healthy Adults Varies as a Function of Autistic-Like Traits

Puglia

Morris

2017

Front. Neurosci.

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“…http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/333880 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online May. 29, 2018; do not think it can account for the current null results, separating imitative tendencies from 548 spatial compatibility would be a useful future direction for research investigating automatic 549 imitation more generally [51, 53,54]. 550…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directions 542mentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of prosocial priming on visual perspective taking and automatic imitation

Newey

Koldewyn

Ramsey

2018

Preprint

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Imitation, or mimicry, is a common occurrence during social encounters, and involves 58 spontaneous copying of others' actions and gestures [4]. Although such behaviour rarely 59 reaches conscious awareness for either interaction partner, it subconsciously signals a desire to 60 affiliate and build rapport [5]. For example, people who are imitated are bigger tippers [6], 61 donate more to charity [7], engage in prosocial behaviours [7,8,9, 10] and indicate liking 62 people who imitate them more than those that do not [6]. Clearly, then, imitation can play an 63 important role in guiding social interactions. To clarify the role imitation can play across 64 different social contexts, recent research has started to identify its antecedents [1, 2]. For 65 example, prosocial priming can increase imitative behaviour [1]. Thus, there exists a bi-66 directional relationship between imitation and prosociality; those who are imitated behave 67 more prosocially and those who are prosocially primed imitate more. These studies have all 68 employed observational techniques to study imitation, with the measurement being the 69 frequency of observed copying behaviours during live social interaction. 70Other researchers devised an index of imitation that is based on reaction time measures. 71The automatic imitation task [11,12] is an example of a stimulus-response-compatibility (SRC) 72 paradigm, referring to the fact that people cannot help but be affected by the presence of an 73 irrelevant stimulus feature [13,14]. In one well-established automatic imitation task, 74 . CC-BY 4.0 International license It is made available under a (which was not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.The copyright holder for this preprint . http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/333880 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online May. 29, 2018; 4 individuals are instructed to respond to a number cue by lifting their index or middle finger. 75Concurrently, participants either observe a congruent or incongruent finger movement. 76Reactions times (RT) are longer in the incongruent compared to congruent condition and this 77 difference is thought to signify the cost of inhibiting an imitative response [1,15]. Here, then, 78 imitation is captured as the time it takes to suppress the urge to copy an observed action and 79 prioritise one's own action. The tendency towards imitation (incongruent RT less congruent 80 RT) will hereafter be referred to as the congruency effect. 81A handful of studies have explored the effects of prosocial priming on automatic 82 imitation [16,17, 18]. Priming is thought to operate by subtly triggering a goal that 83 unconsciously guides behaviour [19]. The logic of these studies is that a prosocial prime would 84 activate a goal to affiliate and that this goal would be achieved through increasing the tendency 85 to imitate [16]. Despite using slightly different variants of the automatic imitation task and 86 different experimental designs (see Method section, T...

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“…Two further findings of this study are indicative of preserved motor resonance. First, we found a tendency for slower overall responses for the hand than for a moving non‐biological shape, consistent with findings from young participants, and suggesting that motor simulation may have been involved (Gowen et al ., ). Second, imitative compatibility effects for the hand were only observed at the longest stimulus onset asynchrony.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Gowen et al . () found that healthy young adults exhibited general stimulus‐response compatibility for the non‐biological shape (faster responses to leftward movements) immediately following stimulus onset and imitative compatibility effects for the finger (faster responses to rightward movements) at an increased delay. The differences in direction and time course of these effects are consistent with the involvement of different mechanisms in imitative priming and general stimulus‐response compatibility (Catmur & Heyes, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Action observation produces motor resonance in Parkinson's disease

Bek

Gowen

Vogt

et al. 2017

Journal of Neuropsychology

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Observation of movement activates the observer's own motor system, influencing the performance of actions and facilitating social interaction. This motor resonance is demonstrated behaviourally through visuomotor priming, whereby response latencies are influenced by the compatibility between an intended action and an observed (task‐irrelevant) action. The impact of movement disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD) on motor resonance is unclear, as previous studies of visuomotor priming have not separated imitative compatibility (specific to human movement) from general stimulus‐response compatibility effects. We examined visuomotor priming in 23 participants with mild‐to‐moderate PD and 24 healthy older adults, using a task that pitted imitative compatibility against general stimulus‐response compatibility. Participants made a key press after observing a task‐irrelevant moving human finger or rectangle that was either compatible or incompatible with their response. Imitative compatibility effects, rather than general stimulus‐response compatibility effects, were found specifically for the human finger. Moreover, imitative compatibility effects did not differ between groups, indicating intact motor resonance in the PD group. These findings constitute the first unambiguous demonstration of imitative priming in both PD and healthy ageing, and have implications for therapeutic techniques to facilitate action, as well as the understanding of social cognition in PD.

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Believe it or not: Moving non-biological stimuli believed to have human origin can be represented as human movement

Cited by 36 publications

References 38 publications

Neural Response to Biological Motion in Healthy Adults Varies as a Function of Autistic-Like Traits

Neural Response to Biological Motion in Healthy Adults Varies as a Function of Autistic-Like Traits

The influence of prosocial priming on visual perspective taking and automatic imitation

Action observation produces motor resonance in Parkinson's disease

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