Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction in liquid marbles

Fullarton, Claire; Draper, Thomas C.; Phillips, Neil; Costello, Ben de Lacy; Adamatzky, Andrew

doi:10.1088/2515-7639/aaed4c

Cited by 29 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 115 publications

(163 reference statements)

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“…This approach enables us to transfer and manipulate the BZ LM controller without wetting the underlying surface. Our scoping studies showed that the BZ media encapsulated in LMs exhibits 'classical' chemical excitation wave patterns, with mainly trigger waves observed [13]. The BZ media has been reported to be sensitive to illumination.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Belousov-Zhabotinsky liquid marbles in robot control

Tsompanas

Fullarton

Adamatzky

2019

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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We show how to control the movement of a wheeled robot using on-board liquid marbles made of Belousov-Zhabotinsky solution droplets coated with polyethylene powder. Two stainless steel, iridium coated electrodes were inserted in a marble and the electrical potential recorded was used to control the robot's motor. We stimulated the marble with a laser beam. It responded to the stimulation by pronounced changes in the electrical potential output. The electrical output was detected by robot. The robot was changing its trajectory in response to the stimulation. The results open new horizons for applications for oscillatory chemical reactions in robotics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Belousov-Zhabotinsky liquid marbles in robot control

Tsompanas

Fullarton

Adamatzky

2019

Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical

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“…The range of potential applications for LMs is huge and spans most fields of life sciences, chemistry, physics and engineering [8,35,15,5,12]. Previously, we demonstrated BZ marbles support non-trivial patterns of chemical oscillations [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Liquid Marble Photosensor

et al. 2019

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A liquid marble is a liquid droplet coated by a hydrophobic power. The liquid marble does not wet adjacent surfaces and therefore can be manipulated as a dry soft body. A Belousov-Zhabotinsky (BZ) reaction is an oscillatory chemical reaction exhibiting waves of oxidation. We demonstrate how to make a photo-sensor from BZ medium liquid marbles. We insert electrodes into a liquid marble, prepared from BZ solution and coated with polyethylene powder. The electrodes record a potential difference which oscillates due to oxidation wave-fronts crossing the electrodes. When the BZ marble is illuminated by a light source, the oxidation wave-fronts are hindered and, thus, the electrical potential recorded ceases to oscillate. We characterise several types of responses of BZ marble photosensors to various stimuli, and provide explanations of the recorded activity. BZ liquid marble photosensors may find applications in the fields of liquid electronics, soft robotics and unconventional computing.

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“…The oxidation of an organic substrate, e.g. malonic acid by bromate ions in acidic medium in the presence of a single-electron transfer metal ion redox catalyst like ferroin, typically known as Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction [25], has also been reported [26,27] in liquid marbles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid marbles as microreactors for qualitative and quantitative inorganic analyses

et al. 2020

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Conventional qualitative analysis of ions from inorganic salts and acid-base and redox titrations require relatively large volumes of solution and hence require more reagent and generate relatively large amount of waste. Liquid marbles can be used to cut down the volume of solution and by extension the amount of reagent and volume of waste generated. Liquid marbles were used for qualitative analysis of ions from inorganic salt solutions and acid-base and redox titrations. This was compared with the conventional methods which require milliliters of solution. Fumed silica or fluorinated sericite clay particles of varying degrees of hydrophobicity were used to prepare the marbles. A drop of a test reagent was then placed on the marble, merging with it and initiating a chemical reaction. The characteristic reactions between a salt solution and a test reagent in the marbles were observed provided the reaction was clearly marked by a color change. Concentrations, calculated from the volume at the end-point, compared closely (p ≤ 0.05) with the known ones as well as those calculated from the bulk titration method that requires milliliters of solution. This indicates that the liquid marble method which rather requires microliters of solutions is reliable. These findings are especially important in microfluidics which utilizes microliters of solutions.

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Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction in liquid marbles

Cited by 29 publications

References 115 publications

Belousov-Zhabotinsky liquid marbles in robot control

Belousov-Zhabotinsky liquid marbles in robot control

Liquid Marble Photosensor

Liquid marbles as microreactors for qualitative and quantitative inorganic analyses

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