Below-cloud wet scavenging of soluble inorganic ions by rain in Beijing during the summer of 2014

Xu, Da; Ge, Baozhu; Wang, Zifa; Shrivastava, Manish; Chen, Yong; Ji, Denghui; Yang, Ting; Ma, Zhiqiang; Cheng, Ning; Hao, Jihua; Yao, Xuefeng

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.033

Cited by 55 publications

(104 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, most studies have mentioned that the prevailing wind in Beijing can efficiently reduce the aerosol concentrations (Chan and Yao, 2008;Gonzalez and Aristizabal, 2012). In previous studies by Xu et al (2017), the north and northwest winds have been recognized as the clear streams to scavenge aerosols in situ, and the effects of clean wind is also considered in this study. In addition, with the help of the 1 mm increments sequential rainfall sampling, Xu et al (2017) has found that the later increments maintained at a stable, low level, which can be separated into rainout process only.…”

Section: Observational Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Over the past few decades, a lot of wet scavenging coefficient (WSC) field measurements have been the focus of a large number of studies (Andronache, 2004b;Jylhä , 1991;Laakso et al, 2003;Okita et al, 1996;Wang et al, 2014c;Xu et al, 2017).…”

Section: Kdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CC BY 4.0 License. al., 2013Xu et al, 2017). An ambient ion monitor-ion chromatograph (AIM-IC) developed by URG Corp., Chapel Hill, NC and Dionex Inc., Sunnyvale, CA, is used to measure the PM2.5 composition.…”

Section: Sampling Site and Measurement Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The time resolution is 60 min. A detailed description of the measured concentration in the rainfall and aerosols can be found in Xu et al (2017).…”

Section: Sampling Site and Measurement Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CTMs, which contributed to more than 53% of the total wet deposition in some polluted areas such as India (Chatterjee et al, 2010) and North China (Ge et al, 2016;Xu et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multimethod determination of the below-cloud wet scavenging coefficients of aerosols in Beijing, China

Xu¹,

Ge²,

Chen³

et al. 2019

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Abstract. Wet scavenging is one of the most efficient processes that remove aerosols from the atmosphere. This process is not well constrained in chemical transport models (CTMs) due to a paucity of localized parameterization regarding below-cloud wet scavenging coefficient (BWSC). Here we conducted field measurements of the BWSC during the Atmospheric Pollution and Human Health-Beijing (APHH-Beijing) campaign of 2016. Notably, the observed BWSC values based on the updated aerosol mass balance agree well with another estimation technique by the updated aerosol mass balance, and they fall in a range of 10&#8722;5&#8201;s&#8722;1. The measurement in this winter campaign, combined with that in summer of 2014, supported an exponential power distribution of BWSCs with rainfall intensity. The observed parameters were also compared with both the theoretical calculations and modeling results. We found that the theoretical estimations can effectively characterize the observed BWSCs of aerosols with size smaller than 0.2 &#956;m and larger than 2.5 &#956;m. However, the theoretical estimations were one magnitude lower than observed BWSCs within 0.2&#8211;2.5&#8201;&#956;m, a domain size range of urban aerosols. Such an underestimation of BWSC through theoretical method has been confirmed not only in APHH-Beijing campaign but also in all the rainfall events in summer of 2014. Since the model calculations usually originated from the theoretical estimations with simplified scheme, the significant lower BWSC would well explain the underprediction of wet depositions in polluted regions as reported by the Model Inter-Comparison Study for Asia (MICS-Asia) and the global assessment of the Task Force on Hemispheric Transport of Atmospheric Pollutants (TF-HTAP). The findings highlighted that the wet deposition module in the CTMs requires improvement based on field measurement estimation to construct a more reasonable simulation scheme for BWSC, especially in polluted regions.

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Section: Observational Methodsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Kdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sampling Site and Measurement Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The time resolution is 60 min. A detailed description of the measured concentration in the rainfall and aerosols can be found in Xu et al (2017).…”

Section: Sampling Site and Measurement Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CTMs, which contributed to more than 53% of the total wet deposition in some polluted areas such as India (Chatterjee et al, 2010) and North China (Ge et al, 2016;Xu et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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