Below-ground partitioning (<sup>14</sup>C) and isotopic fractionation (δ<sup>13</sup>C) of carbon recently assimilated by maize

Werth, Martin; Kuzyakov, Yakov

doi:10.1080/10256010500230163

Cited by 10 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Root-derived respiration accounted for 70 to 96% of the CO 2 production from corn pots and between 40 and 95% of CO 2 production from soybean pots, but no clear pattern emerged in relation to crop phenology. Root-derived respiration from corn was estimated to be 30 to 80% of total soil respiration in greenhouse studies (Martens 1990;Kuzyakov and Cheng 2004;Werth and Kuzyakov 2005;Ding et al 2007), although field-based studies with 13 C natural abundance show that root-derived respiration from corn increases during the growing season but does not exceed 40-50% of the total soil respiration (Rochette et al 1999). Root-derived respiration of soybean grown in the greenhouse ranged from 53% to more than 90% of total soil respiration (Fu et al 2002;Yang and Cai 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root-derived respiration and nitrous oxide production as affected by crop phenology and nitrogen fertilization

et al. 2009

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In annual crops, the partitioning of photosynthates to support root growth, respiration and rhizodeposition should be greater during early development than in later reproductive stages due to source/ sink relationships in the plant. Therefore, seasonal fluctuations in carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) production from roots and root-associated soil may be related to resource partitioning by the crop. Greenhouse studies used 13 C and 15 N stable isotopes to evaluate the carbon (C) partitioning and nitrogen (N) uptake by corn and soybean. We also measured the CO 2 and N 2 O production from planted pots as affected by crop phenology and N fertilization. Specific root-derived respiration was related to the 13 C allocated to roots and was greatest during early vegetative growth. Root-derived respiration and rhizodeposition were greater for corn than soybean. The 15 N uptake by corn increased between vegetative growth, tasseling and milk stages, but the 15 N content in soybean was not affected by phenology. A peak in N 2 O production was observed with corn at the milk stage, suggesting that the corn rhizosphere supported microbial communities that produced N 2 O. Most of the 15 N-NO 3 applied to soybean was not taken up by the plant and negative N 2 O production during vegetative growth and floral initiation stages suggests that soybean roots supported the reduction of N 2 O to dinitrogen (N 2 ). We conclude that crop phenology and soil N availability exert important controls on rhizosphere processes, leading to temporal variation in CO 2 and N 2 O production.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root-derived respiration and nitrous oxide production as affected by crop phenology and nitrogen fertilization

et al. 2009

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“…Intriguingly, during germination in darkness, potato tubers and sprouts (which are heterotrophic organs, as are roots) also show a 13 C depletion in respired CO 2 compared with starch (Maunoury‐Danger et al ., ). For C 4 plants, almost no fractionation in maize roots was observed when they were cultured in nutrient solution (Werth & Kuzyakov, ), while root‐respired CO 2 was 13 C‐depleted up to 7‰ in different C 4 species (including maize) cultured in a mix of sand, perlite and soil (Schnyder & Lattanzi, ; Zhu & Cheng, ).…”

Section: Root‐respired Co2 Is Generally 13c‐depleted Compared With Romentioning

confidence: 99%

Opposite carbon isotope discrimination during dark respiration in leaves versus roots – a review

Ghashghaie

Badeck

2013

New Phytologist

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751I.751II.752III.753IV.754V.757VI.762VII.763VIII.765IX.765X.766766References766 Summary In general, leaves are 13C‐depleted compared with all other organs (e.g. roots, stem/trunk and fruits). Different hypotheses are formulated in the literature to explain this difference. One of these states that CO2 respired by leaves in the dark is 13C‐enriched compared with leaf organic matter, while it is 13C‐depleted in the case of root respiration. The opposite respiratory fractionation between leaves and roots was invoked as an explanation for the widespread between‐organ isotopic differences. After summarizing the basics of photosynthetic and post‐photosynthetic discrimination, we mainly review the recent findings on the isotopic composition of CO2 respired by leaves (autotrophic organs) and roots (heterotrophic organs) compared with respective plant material (i.e. apparent respiratory fractionation) as well as its metabolic origin. The potential impact of such fractionation on the isotopic signal of organic matter (OM) is discussed. Some perspectives for future studies are also proposed .

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13C isotope fractionation during rhizosphere respiration of C3 and C4 plants

Zhu

Cheng

2011

Plant Soil

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Stable carbon isotopes are used extensively to partition total soil CO 2 efflux into root-derived rhizosphere respiration or autotrophic respiration and soil-derived heterotrophic respiration. However, it remains unclear whether CO 2 from rhizosphere respiration has the same δ 13 C value as root biomass. Here we investigated the magnitude of 13 C isotope fractionation during rhizosphere respiration relative to root biomass in six plant species. Plants were grown in a carbon-free sand-perlite medium inoculated with microorganisms from a farm soil for 62 days inside a greenhouse. We measured the δ 13 C value of rhizosphere respiration using a closed-circulation 48-hour CO 2 trapping method during 40~42 and 60~62 days after sowing. We found a consistent depletion in 13 C (0.9~1.7‰) of CO 2 from rhizosphere respiration relative to root biomass in three C 3 species (Glycine max L. Merr., Helianthus annuus L. and Triticum aestivum L.), but a relatively large depletion in 13 C (3.7~7.0‰) in three C 4 species (Amaranthus tricolor L., Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench and Zea mays L. ssp. mays). Overall, our results indicate that CO 2 from rhizosphere respiration is more 13 C-depleted than root biomass. Therefore, accounting for this 13 C fractionation is required for accurately partitioning total soil CO 2 efflux into root-derived and soil-derived components using natural abundance stable carbon isotope methods.

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Below-ground partitioning (¹⁴C) and isotopic fractionation (δ¹³C) of carbon recently assimilated by maize

Cited by 10 publications

References 42 publications

Root-derived respiration and nitrous oxide production as affected by crop phenology and nitrogen fertilization

Root-derived respiration and nitrous oxide production as affected by crop phenology and nitrogen fertilization

Opposite carbon isotope discrimination during dark respiration in leaves versus roots – a review

13C isotope fractionation during rhizosphere respiration of C3 and C4 plants

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Below-ground partitioning (14C) and isotopic fractionation (δ13C) of carbon recently assimilated by maize

Cited by 10 publications

References 42 publications

Root-derived respiration and nitrous oxide production as affected by crop phenology and nitrogen fertilization

Root-derived respiration and nitrous oxide production as affected by crop phenology and nitrogen fertilization

Opposite carbon isotope discrimination during dark respiration in leaves versus roots – a review

13C isotope fractionation during rhizosphere respiration of C3 and C4 plants

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Below-ground partitioning (¹⁴C) and isotopic fractionation (δ¹³C) of carbon recently assimilated by maize