Belowground Biomass Patterns on a Coastal Barrier Island in Virginia

Conn, Christine; Day, Frank P.

doi:10.2307/2996941

Cited by 15 publications

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“…These techniques are tedious and difficult, involving the separation of live from dead matter (Howes et al, 1985). The coring method is a destructive method although not as destructive as the pit excavation method used for determining general root biomass patterns on Hog Island during the summer of 1989 (Conn and Day, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine-Root Biomass Distribution and Production Along a Barrier Island Chronosequence

Stevenson¹,

Day²

1996

American Midland Naturalist

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fine-Root Biomass Distribution and Production Along a Barrier Island Chronosequence

Stevenson¹,

Day²

1996

American Midland Naturalist

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“…Although incorporation of fixed N into other tissues (stems and roots) was not accounted for in our study, N content of leaves likely represents a majority of fixed N. While standing wood and belowground tissues represent the largest component of biomass in the system, relative N concentration of these tissues is substantially lower than photosynthetic tissues measured in our study (Conn and Day 1993;D, Young, unpublished data). Furthermore, Halvorson et al (1992) concluded that N from atmospheric fixation in legumes was preferentially directed to photosynthetic tissues while roots contained elevated levels of 15 N. Torrey (1978) also reported that N fixed in nodules is rapidly transported to the shoot and that fixed N is primarily returned to the soil through leaf litterfall.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Shifts in litterfall and dominant nitrogen sources after expansion of shrub thickets

Brantley

Young

2007

Oecologia

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Woody encroachment into herbaceous ecosystems is emerging as an important ecological response to global change. A primary concern is alterations in C and N cycling and associated variations across a variety of ecosystems. We quantified seasonal variation in litterfall and litter N concentration in Morella cerifera shrub thickets to assess changes in litterfall and associated N input after shrub expansion on an Atlantic coast barrier island. We also used the natural abundance of (15)N to estimate the proportion of litterfall N originating from symbiotic N fixation. Litterfall for shrub thickets ranged from 8,991 +/- 247 to 3,810 +/- 399 kg ha(-1) year(-1) and generally declined with increasing thicket age. Litterfall in three of the four thickets exceeded previous estimates of aboveground annual net primary production in adjacent grasslands by 300-400%. Leaf N concentration was also higher after shrub expansion and, coupled with low N resorption efficiency and high litterfall, resulted in a return of as much as 169 kg N ha(-1) year(-1) to the soil. We estimated that approximately 70% of N returned to the soil was from symbiotic N fixation resulting in an ecosystem input of between 37 and 118 kg ha(-1) year(-1) of atmospheric N depending on site. Considering the extensive cover of shrub thickets on Virginia barrier islands, N fixation by shrubs is likely the largest single source of N to the system. The shift from grassland to shrub thicket on barrier islands results in a substantial increase in litterfall and foliar N concentration that will likely have a major impact on the size and cycling of ecosystem C and N pools. Increasing C and N availability in these nutrient-poor soils is likely to permanently reduce cover of native grasses and alter community structure by favoring species with greater N requirements.

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“…A deposição e a subseqüente decomposição das folhas é o principal caminho para a transferência de carbono e nutrientes da planta para o solo (Vitousek, 1984;Vitousek & Sanford, 1986;Gleeson & Tilman, 1990;Nadkarni & Mateison, 1992). Portanto, o aumento da quantidade de carbono com o distanciamento do mar representa a matéria orgânica em decomposição, provida principalmente das folhas de A. arenaria, que retornam ao solo os nutrientes absorvidos pela planta e que não foram lixiviados pelas chuvas para fora do sistema (Hay & Lacerda, 1984;Conn & Day, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…As observações no campo mostraram que A. arenaria apresenta uma ampla rede de finas raízes, distantes entorno de 10 cm abaixo da superfície do solo e distante de outro indivíduo mais próximo 6 m. Seu sistema de raízes finas e bastante ramificadas permite à planta reduzir a perda de nutrientes lixiviados no solo (Conn & Day, 1993), favorecendo o sucesso dessas espécies nos ambientes de restinga impactados pelo fogo, por exemplo.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Variação da biomassa aérea de Allagoptera arenaria (Gomes) O. Kuntze (Arecaceae) em uma comunidade arbustiva de Palmae na restinga de Marambaia, RJ

Menezes

Araújo

2000

Rev. Bras. Biol.

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Variation in aboveground biomass of Allagoptera arenaria (Gomes) O. Kuntze (Arecaceae) on the Marambaia beach ridge, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilVariation of aboveground biomass of Allagoptera arenaria (Gomes) O. Kuntze (Arecaceae) along five topographic profiles perpendicular to the ocean was examined in a palm scrub community on Marambaia beach ridge, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Aerial biomass was positively correlated with distance from the sea (F = 39.57; R 2 = 0.69; P < 0.01) as was detritus cover (F = 525.92; R 2 = 0.92; P < 0.01). A. arenaria growth is closely related to the topography of the beach area. Dense populations of this palm enrich the soil by increasing organic matter under the plants through dead leaf material. This promotes the accumulation of nutrients and the creation of microclimates that favor the establishment of other species.Key words: biomass, Allagoptera arenaria, sandy coastal plain, Rio de Janeiro. RESUMOA variação da biomassa aérea de Allagoptera arenaria (Gomes) O. Kuntze (Arecaceae), ao longo de 5 perfis topográficos perpendiculares ao mar, foi analisada em uma comunidade arbustiva de Palmae, na restinga de Marambaia, RJ. Foi encontrada uma relação positiva e altamente significativa da biomassa aérea dessa espécie (F = 39,57; R 2 = 0,69; P < 0,01) e da cobertura de detritos (F = 525,92; R 2 = 0,92; P < 0,01) com o distanciamento do mar. O desenvolvimento de A. arenaria está intimamente relacionado com a variação topográfica da área de estudo. Densas populações de A. arenaria enriquecem o solo através do aumento de matéria orgânica sob sua cobertura proveniente de suas folhas senescentes e, conseqüentemente, potencializa o acúmulo de nutrientes caracterizando um microclima que pode colaborar no estabelecimento de outras espécies.Palavras-chave: biomassa, Allagoptera arenaria, restinga, Rio de Janeiro. INTRODUÇÃOOs ecossistemas de restinga caracterizam-se por solos arenosos, pobres em argilas e matéria orgânica, baixa capacidade de reter água e nutrientes e por uma grande proporção da entrada anual de nutrientes sob a forma do salsugem (van der Valk, 1974; Hay e Lacerda, 1984). A baixa quan-

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Belowground Biomass Patterns on a Coastal Barrier Island in Virginia

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Fine-Root Biomass Distribution and Production Along a Barrier Island Chronosequence

Fine-Root Biomass Distribution and Production Along a Barrier Island Chronosequence

Shifts in litterfall and dominant nitrogen sources after expansion of shrub thickets

Variação da biomassa aérea de Allagoptera arenaria (Gomes) O. Kuntze (Arecaceae) em uma comunidade arbustiva de Palmae na restinga de Marambaia, RJ

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