Bench-Top Cooling of a Microwave Mode Using an Optically Pumped Spin Refrigerator

Wu, Hao; Mirkhanov, Shamil; Ng, Wern; Oxborrow, M.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.127.053604

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…4D. The Rabi oscillations are attributed to the coherent energy exchange between the spin ensemble and microwave photons stored in the microwave oscillator, which are normally observed in STO-based high-power pentacene masers ( 33 , 35 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the magnetic field direction was determined by fitting the Zeeman-induced resonance shifts of the |X⟩ ↔ |Z⟩ transition with the calculated difference between |X⟩ and |Z⟩'s energy eigenvalues under various B 0 (see Materials and Methods), as (22,(28)(29)(30) are obtained using optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR). The free-induction decay (FID) (31,32), continuous-wave electron paramagnetic resonance (cw-EPR) (33), and masers (16,27) are used to measure the HWHM at the higher temperatures (≥194 K). Blue, single molecular spin; red, spin ensemble.…”

Section: Performance Of Magnetic Field Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All low-temperature results(22,(28)(29)(30) are obtained using optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR). The free-induction decay (FID)(31,32), continuous-wave electron paramagnetic resonance (cw-EPR)(33), and masers(16,27) are used to measure the HWHM at the higher temperatures (≥194 K). Blue, single molecular spin; red, spin ensemble.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Enhanced quantum sensing with room-temperature solid-state masers

Yang

Oxborrow

et al. 2022

Sci. Adv.

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Quantum sensing with solid-state electron spin systems finds broad applications in diverse areas ranging from material and biomedical sciences to fundamental physics. Exploiting collective behavior of noninteracting spins holds the promise of pushing the detection limit to even lower levels, while to date, those levels are scarcely reached because of the broadened linewidth and inefficient readout of solid-state spin ensembles. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that such drawbacks can be overcome by a reborn maser technology at room temperature in the solid state. Owing to maser action, we observe a fourfold reduction in the electron paramagnetic resonance linewidth of an inhomogeneously broadened molecular spin ensemble, which is narrower than the same measured from single spins at cryogenic temperatures. The maser-based readout applied to near zero-field magnetometry showcases the measurement signal-to-noise ratio of 133 for single shots. This technique would be an important addition to the toolbox for boosting the sensitivity of solid-state ensemble spin sensors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Performance Of Magnetic Field Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced quantum sensing with room-temperature solid-state masers

Yang

Oxborrow

et al. 2022

Sci. Adv.

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“…Targeted cooling of a subsystem has long been employed in atomic gases [8,9], trapped ions [10,11], and micromechanical oscillators [12,13], but only recently has the selective cooling of an electromagnetic mode of interest been explored. In Wu et al [14], the effectively low temperature of a polarized spin bath of pentacene was used to remove the thermal energy from a cavity mode through their mutual coupling, but was limited to pulsed operation. In this work, we experimentally realize steady-state microwave cavity mode cooling and explain its mechanism with an analytic theory.…”

Section: Mainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steady-state microwave mode cooling with a diamond NV ensemble

Fahey¹,

Jacobs²,

Turner³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…It is worth to noting that by optimizing the system setup, such as the absorption of the diamond with taped configuration [26] or the total reflection [27], the optical pumping rate ξ might be increased by one to one to two orders of magnitude for the same laser power. Furthermore, the typical commercial CW solid-state laser of 532 nm can provide the power up to 20 W, and the pulsed solid-state laser can provide the peak power up to 100 W or even 10 3 W. with i = j and the projection operators σ (i, i) = σii 1 , σii 2 .…”

Section: Author Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics Effects of Optically Cooled Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers Coupled to a High Frequency Microwave Resonator

Zhang¹,

Wu²,

Wu³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Recent experiments demonstrated the cooling of a microwave mode of a high-quality dielectric resonator coupled to optically cooled nitrogen-vacancy (NV) spins in diamond. Our recent theoretical study [arXiv:2110.10950] pointed out the cooled NV spins can be used to realize cavity quantum electrodynamics effects (C-QED) at room temperature. In this article, we propose to modify the setup used in a recent diamond maser experiment [Nature 55, 493-496 (2018)], which features a higher spin transition frequency, a lower spin-dephasing rate and a stronger NV spins-resonator coupling, to realize better microwave mode cooling and the room-temperature CQED effects. To describe more precisely the optical spin cooling and the collective spin-resonator coupling, we extend the standard Jaynes-Cumming model to account for the rich electronic and spin levels of the NV centers. Our calculations show that for the proposed setup it is possible to cool the microwave mode from 293 K (room temperature) to 116 K, which is about 72 K lower than the previous records, and to study the intriguing dynamics of the CQED effects under the weak-to-strong coupling transition by varying the laser power. With simple modifications, our model can be applied to, e.g., other solid-state spins or triplet spins of pentacene molecules, and to investigate other effects, such as the operations of pulsed and continuous-wave masing.

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Bench-Top Cooling of a Microwave Mode Using an Optically Pumped Spin Refrigerator

Cited by 18 publications

References 44 publications

Enhanced quantum sensing with room-temperature solid-state masers

Enhanced quantum sensing with room-temperature solid-state masers

Steady-state microwave mode cooling with a diamond NV ensemble

Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics Effects of Optically Cooled Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers Coupled to a High Frequency Microwave Resonator

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