Benchmarking the expected stack manufacturing cost of next generation, intermediate-temperature protonic ceramic fuel cells with solid oxide fuel cell technology

Dubois, Alexis; Ricote, Sandrine; Braun, Robert J.

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.09.024

Cited by 101 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Such an enhancement in the contribution of the hole conductionm ight correlate with the decreasedc apability for proton introduction. The protons were incorporated into barium zirconate according to the hydration reactioni nE quation (2). However,a ss hown in Figure 3, the proton concentration decreased with increasing Ni concentration, indicating that less oxide ionv acancies (V O )p articipated in the hydration reaction and were available for the reaction given in Equation (3) to form electron holes (hC).…”

Section: Transport Numbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] Replacing the electrolytes in solid oxide fuel cells with protonconductive types is ap romising strategy to reduce the operating temperature, [2] because the conduction of protons has a relativelyl ower activation energy than that of oxide ion conduction; sufficient protonc onductivity can be achieved at an intermediate temperature range (400-700 8C). However,t he high operating temperature (typically > 800 8C) is as ignificant obstacle to their popularization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However,t he high operating temperature (typically > 800 8C) is as ignificant obstacle to their popularization. [1] Replacing the electrolytes in solid oxide fuel cells with protonconductive types is ap romising strategy to reduce the operating temperature, [2] because the conduction of protons has a relativelyl ower activation energy than that of oxide ion conduction; sufficient protonc onductivity can be achieved at an intermediate temperature range (400-700 8C).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detrimental Effect of Sintering Additives on Conducting Ceramics: Yttrium‐Doped Barium Zirconate

et al. 2018

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Y-doped BaZrO (BZY) is currently the most promising proton-conductive ceramic-type electrolyte for application in electrochemical devices, including fuel cells and electrolyzer cells. However, owing to its refractory nature, sintering additives, such as NiO, CuO, or ZnO are commonly added to reduce its high sintering temperature from 1600 °C to approximately 1400 °C. Even without deliberately adding a sintering additive, the NiO anode substrate provides another source of the sintering additive; during the co-sintering process, NiO diffuses from the anode into the BZY electrolyte layer. In this work, a systematic study of the effect of NiO, CuO, and ZnO on the electroconductive properties of BaZr Y O (BZY20) is conducted. The results revealed that the addition of NiO, CuO, or ZnO into BZY20 not only degraded the electrical conductivity but also resulted in enhancement of the hole conduction. Removal of these sintering additives can be realized by post-annealing in hydrogen at a mild temperature of 700 °C, but it is kinetically very slow. Therefore, the addition of NiO, CuO, and ZnO is detrimental to the electroconductive properties of BZY20, and significantly restrict its application as an electrolyte. The development of new sintering additives, new anode catalysts, or new methods for preparing BZY electrolyte-based cells is urgently needed.

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Section: Transport Numbersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detrimental Effect of Sintering Additives on Conducting Ceramics: Yttrium‐Doped Barium Zirconate

et al. 2018

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“…It has also been demonstrated that PCFCs can be operated directly using humidified CH 4 as fuel, although with decreased power . A detailed analysis of small‐scale PCFC and SOFC stacks revealed that under comparable conditions, PCFC can be cost competitive . The development of a “solid‐state reactive sintering” route has paved the way to overcome the issues of blocking grain boundaries and challenging sintering conditions of acceptor‐doped Ba(Zr,Ce)O 3 electrolyte membranes for large‐scale cells .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixed‐Conducting Perovskites as Cathode Materials for Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells: Understanding the Trends in Proton Uptake

Zohourian

Merkle

Raimondi

et al. 2018

Adv Funct Materials

243

227

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The proton uptake of 18 compositions in the perovskite family (Ba,Sr,La)(Fe,Co,Zn,Y)O 3-δ , perovskites, which are potential cathode materials for protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs), is investigated by thermogravimetry. Hydration enthalpies and entropies are derived, and the doping trends are explored. The uptake is found to be largely determined by the basicity of the oxide ions. Partial substitution of Zn on the B-site strongly enhances proton uptake, while Co substitution has the opposite effect. The proton concentration in Ba 0.95 La 0.05 Fe 0.8 Zn 0.2 O 3-δ is found to be 10% per formula unit at 250 °C, 5.5% at 400 °C, and 2.3% at 500 °C, which are the highest values reported so far for a mixed-conducting perovskite exhibiting hole, proton, and oxygen vacancy transport. A comprehensive set of thermodynamic data for proton uptake in (Ba,Sr,La)(Fe,Co,Zn,Y)O 3-δ is determined. Defect interactions between protons and holes partially delocalized from the B-site transition metal to the adjacent oxide ions decrease the proton uptake. From these results, guidelines for the optimization of PCFC cathode materials are derived.

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“…Protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) form a class of fuel cells (FCs) providing highly efficient and economically advantageous chemical-to-electrical energy conversion at elevated temperatures [1][2][3][4][5]. A proton-conducting electrolyte membrane as a PCFC's heart transports proton charge carriers with high levels of ionic conductivity compared with those of oxygen-ionic electrolytes of the traditional solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), owing to the corresponding high mobility/concentration of protons [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One-Step Fabrication of Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells Using a Convenient Tape Calendering Method

et al. 2020

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The present paper reports the preparation of multilayer protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) using a single sintering step. The success of this fabrication approach is due to two main factors: the rational choice of chemically and mechanically compatible components, as well as the selection of a convenient preparation (tape calendering) method. The PCFCs prepared in this manner consisted of a 30 µm BaCe0.5Zr0.3Dy0.2O3–δ (BCZD) electrolyte layer, a 500 μm Ni–BCZD supporting electrode layer and a 20 μm functional Pr1.9Ba0.1NiO4+δ (PBN)–BCZD cathode layer. These layers were jointly co-fired at 1350 °C for 5 h to reach excellent gas-tightness of the electrolyte and porous structures for the supported and functional electrodes. The adequate fuel cell performance of this PCFC design (400 mW cm−2 at 600 °C) demonstrates that the tape calendering method compares well with such conventional laboratory PCFC preparation techniques such as co-pressing and tape-casting.

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Benchmarking the expected stack manufacturing cost of next generation, intermediate-temperature protonic ceramic fuel cells with solid oxide fuel cell technology

Cited by 101 publications

References 31 publications

Detrimental Effect of Sintering Additives on Conducting Ceramics: Yttrium‐Doped Barium Zirconate

Detrimental Effect of Sintering Additives on Conducting Ceramics: Yttrium‐Doped Barium Zirconate

Mixed‐Conducting Perovskites as Cathode Materials for Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells: Understanding the Trends in Proton Uptake

One-Step Fabrication of Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells Using a Convenient Tape Calendering Method

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