For extending the application of hybrid welding to the fabrication of steel bridge structures, a series of experiments were performed. One-pass full-penetration corner joints of SBHS500 with 12 mm thickness were fabricated by laser-arc hybrid welding. Four passes were required to produce the same-dimensional full-penetration corner joints by conventional arc welding. Monotonic compressive loading experiments were performed to investigate the load-carrying performances of hybrid-welded and arc-welded corner joints. Compared to arc-welded specimens, the elastic stiffness of hybrid-welded specimens was greater by 24%, and the maximum compressive load of hybrid-welded specimens was greater by 5%, demonstrating that the load-carrying performances of hybrid-welded corner joints may outperform arc-welded corner joints.