Bending Strength of Polyamide-Based Composites Obtained during the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) Process

Mazurkiewicz, Michał; Kluczyński, Janusz; Jasik, Katarzyna; Sarzyński, Bartłomiej; Szachogłuchowicz, Ireneusz; Łuszczek, Jakub; Torzewski, Janusz; Śnieżek, Lucjan; Grzelak, Krzysztof; Małek, Marcin

doi:10.3390/ma15145079

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…A range of variability was demonstrated after a decrease in density, what shows that a Menger sponge with a hexagonal cavity would have the lowest normalized thermal and electrical conductivity as the effective density decreased and an increase in the order of the fractal leads to a near-zero Poisson's ratio [8]. A large number of articles base their research on the generation of beams, which are then subjected to bending tests that make it possible to determine a wide range of coefficients and variables relevant to the selection of the appropriate material or infill pattern [9,10]. From a fractal point of view, however, the infinite possibility of generating cells should be constantly emphasized [11,12].…”

Section: Badanie Struktur Komórkowych Zbudowanych Z Modeli Samopodobn...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of cellular structures built from self-similar models and repeatable structures manufactured by FDM/FFF technology

Rudnik

2024

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Appropriate recursive formulas were obtained for generating repeatable and self-similar cellular structures obtained from PLA using the FDM/FFF method. The H1s, H2s self-similar models show mechanical self-similarity relationships based on simulation and compression test. In addition, the H1s models show higher displacement values than the H1i recurrent models. For the results of the H2s models, it is not conclusive whether they show higher displacement values.

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Section: Badanie Struktur Komórkowych Zbudowanych Z Modeli Samopodobn...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of cellular structures built from self-similar models and repeatable structures manufactured by FDM/FFF technology

Rudnik

2024

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“…In the following article, four orders of hierarchical structures based on the Menger cube were investigated and subjected to mechanical, electrical and thermal tests, where a range of variability was demonstrated after a decrease in density, and it was shown that a Menger sponge with a hexagonal cavity would have the lowest normalized thermal and electrical conductivity as the effective density decreased and an increase in the order of the fractal leads to a near-zero Poisson's ratio [15]. A large number of articles base their research on the generation of beams, which are then subjected to bending tests that make it possible to determine a wide range of coefficients and variables relevant to the selection of the appropriate material or infill pattern [16,17]. From a fractal point of view, however, the infinite possibility of generating cells should be constantly emphasized [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of size on the compressive properties of cellular structures manufactured by additive technologies

Rudnik

2024

Mechanik

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This article is a continuation of research on hexagonal cell structures. Previous research has dealt with cell structures in normalized models, where it was shown that cell structures should be studied from a single cell to a suitably generated iterative model based on recursive formulas. The aim of this paper was to compare manufactured cell structures with an appropriately defined formula. Printed models of the hexagonal structure subjected to compression showed that, in the case of the Polylactic Acid Blue material, as the size of the side length of the hexagonal cells increased, the quality of the generated diagrams also increased, which informed the undesired effects of the compressive force in the tests. In the case of cells manufactured from the PA2200 material, it was noted that the maximum force acting on the cell structure decreased with increasing cell side length, however, no undesirable situations occurred during testing in contrast to structures manufactured from Polylactic Acid base materials. In the case of Polylactic Acid materials, special attention had to be paid to the Polylactic Acid Gray material. The models were printed with the same parameters, from the same Stereolitography language file, had a slightly higher mass and were subjected to the same compression test, yet showed significant differences in the tests carried out compared to the other models.

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“…A significant advantage of polyamides is their ability to combine with other materials, which opens up possibilities for creating composites with enhanced mechanical properties [ 33 , 34 , 35 ]. For example, the addition of glass or carbon fibers to a polyamide matrix can significantly increase the stiffness and tensile strength of the components produced [ 36 , 37 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bending Strength of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced (CFR) Polyamide-Based Composite Additively Manufactured through Material Extrusion

Łakomy,

Kluczyński,

Sarzyński

et al. 2024

Materials

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This paper shows the three-point bending strength analysis of a composite material consisting of polyamide doped with chopped carbon fiber and reinforced with continuous carbon fiber produced by means of the material extrusion (MEX) additive manufacturing technique. For a comparison, two types of specimens were produced: unreinforced and continuous fiber-reinforced (CFR) with the use of carbon fiber. The specimens were fabricated in two orientations that assure the highest strength properties. Strength analysis was supplemented by additional digital image correlation (DIC) analysis that allowed for the identification of regions with maximum strain within the specimens. The utilization of an optical microscope enabled a fractographic examination of the fracture surfaces of the specimens. The results of this study demonstrated a beneficial effect of continuous carbon fiber reinforcement on both the stiffness and strength of the material, with an increase in flexural strength from 77.34 MPa for the unreinforced composite to 147.03 MPa for the composite reinforced with continuous carbon fiber.

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Bending Strength of Polyamide-Based Composites Obtained during the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) Process

Cited by 13 publications

References 41 publications

Study of cellular structures built from self-similar models and repeatable structures manufactured by FDM/FFF technology

Study of cellular structures built from self-similar models and repeatable structures manufactured by FDM/FFF technology

Influence of size on the compressive properties of cellular structures manufactured by additive technologies

Bending Strength of Continuous Fiber-Reinforced (CFR) Polyamide-Based Composite Additively Manufactured through Material Extrusion

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