Beneficial alterations in body composition, physical performance, oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, and adipocytokines induced by long-term high-intensity interval training in an aged rat model

Li, Fanghui; Sun, Lei; Zhu, Mingyan; Li, Tao; Gao, Hao-En; Wu, Da-Shuai; Zhu, Ling; Duan, Rui; Liu, Timon Cheng-Yi

doi:10.1016/j.exger.2018.10.006

Cited by 48 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Consistent with our original hypothesis that treadmill running should be an efficacious treatment in this upper extremity work-related musculoskeletal disorder model [18,[61][62][63], the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNFα levels were lower and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 was higher in serum of HRHF+treadmill animals than in the untreated HRHF animals. Further, epitendon cellularity in distal flexor digitorum tendons and immune cell numbers in flexor digitorum muscles were lower in HRHF+treadmill animals than in the untreated HRHF animals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Forced Treadmill Running Reduces Systemic Inflammation Yet Worsens Upper Limb Discomfort in a rat model of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders

Smith

Barr-Gillespie

Klyne

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: Musculoskeletal disorders can result from prolonged repetitive and/or forceful movements. Performance of an upper extremity high repetition high force task increases serum pro-inflammatory cytokines and upper extremity sensorimotor declines in a rat model of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Since one of the most efficacious treatments for musculoskeletal pain is exercise, this study investigated the effectiveness of treadmill running in preventing these responses. Methods: Twenty-nine young adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were used. Nineteen were trained for 5 weeks to pull a lever bar at high force (15 min/day). Thirteen went on to perform a high repetition high force reaching and lever-pulling task for 10 weeks (10-wk HRHF; 2 hrs/day, 3 days/wk). From this group, five were randomly selected to undergo forced treadmill running exercise (TM) during the last 6 weeks of task performance (10-wk HRHF+TM, 1 hr/day, 5 days/wk). Results were compared to 10 control rats and 6 rats that underwent 6 weeks of treadmill running following training only (TR-then-TM). Voluntary task and reflexive sensorimotor behavioral outcomes were assessed. Serum was assayed for inflammatory cytokines and corticosterone, reach limb median nerves for CD68+ macrophages and extraneural thickening, and reach limb flexor digitorum muscles and tendons for pathological changes. Results: 10-wk HRHF rats had higher serum levels of IL-1α, IL-1β and TNFα, than control rats. In the 10-wk HRHF+TM group, IL-1β and TNFα were lower, whereas IL-10 and corticosterone were higher, compared to 10-wk HRHF only rats. Unexpectedly, several voluntary task performance outcomes (grasp force, reach success, and participation) worsened in rats that underwent treadmill running, compared to untreated 10-wk HRHF rats. Examination of forelimb tissues revealed lower cellularity within the flexor digitorum epitendon but higher numbers of CD68+ macrophages within and extraneural fibrosis around median nerves in 10-wk HRHF+TM than 10-wk HRHF rats. Conclusions: Treadmill running was associated with lower systemic inflammation and moderate tendinosis, yet higher median nerve inflammation/fibrosis and worse task performance and sensorimotor behaviors. Continued loading of the injured tissues in addition to stress-related factors associated with forced running/exercise likely contributed to our findings.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Forced Treadmill Running Reduces Systemic Inflammation Yet Worsens Upper Limb Discomfort in a rat model of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders

Smith

Barr-Gillespie

Klyne

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In animal models, HIIT led to a greater muscle mass, larger muscle fiber size, and an increase in mitochondrial biomass in old, sarcopenic, and frail mice compared with nonexercise controls [ 22 ]. This research agrees with a study comparing moderate-intensity continuous training versus HIIT in middle-aged rats, showing that HIIT was better at mitigating age-related sarcopenic physiological processes such as oxidative stress and inflammation [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

High-Intensity Interval Aerobic Resistance Training to Counteract Low Relative Appendicular Lean Soft Tissue Mass in Middle Age: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2020

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Background Sarcopenia is the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function and may exist in early middle age. Previous research in this area has focused on resistance training in older individuals; however, there is a lack of intervention trials in middle-aged adults with low relative appendicular lean soft tissue mass who may be at risk for sarcopenia in older age. Objective This randomized controlled trial aims to determine the effects of a high-intensity interval aerobic resistance training intervention on appendicular lean soft tissue mass in middle-aged adults with low relative appendicular lean soft tissue mass. Methods We will conduct a 40-week, single-blinded randomized controlled trial in 84 middle-aged adults with low appendicular lean soft tissue mass in the wider Dunedin area, New Zealand. We will randomly allocate participants to receive either a group-based, 20-week high-intensity interval aerobic resistance training intervention program or a single, 60-minute education session on current exercise recommendations. After the first 20 weeks, both groups will be given a 20-week home program. The study will assess primary and secondary outcome measures, including body composition (regional and whole-body lean soft tissue mass, fat mass, percentage body fat, measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry), blood biomarkers (cortisol, creatinine, C-reactive protein, lipid profile, hemoglobin), physical fitness (maximum oxygen consumption, blood pressure), physical activity (accelerometry), physical function (handgrip strength, sit-to-stand, gait speed, quadriceps strength), and self-reported questionnaires (health outcomes, self-efficacy, perceived enjoyment of physical activity, and multifactorial lifestyle), at baseline, 20 weeks, and 40 weeks. Physical function and self-reported questionnaires will also be measured at 10 weeks. We will assess the primary outcome measure, total body lean soft tissue mass, at baseline, 20 weeks, and 40 weeks. Analyses will be performed using intention-to-treat principles, comparing the outcomes resulting from the intervention, using linear mixed models. Results We obtained ethical approval for this study from The University of Otago Human Ethics Committee on December 10, 2018. Participant recruitment started on February 11, 2019 and was completed on May 14, 2019. Data collection started on February 25, 2019 and was completed on February 28, 2020. We expect to publish the results in January 2021. Conclusions High-intensity interval aerobic resistance training is a time-efficient form of exercise, enabling busy middle-aged adults to meet physical activity recommendations while maximizing training results. The findings can inform the development of future prevention-focused interventions aimed at counteracting the high prevalence of sarcopenia in the aging population. Trial Registration Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12618001778279); https://tinyurl.com/y555z6fz. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/22989

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“…The main trainings were as follow: based on the calculated aerobic power at the beginning of each week, the rats performed nine 2-minute high intensity intervals with intensity of 90-95% VO2max along with 1-minute active recovery intervals with intensity of 50% VO2max. It should be noted that at the beginning and end of the training program, 4 minutes of warm-up and cooling down with an intensity of 45 to 55% VO2max was added to the time of the main trainings (13).…”

Section: Hiit Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To evaluate the aerobic power, at first the rats warmed up for five minutes on a treadmill at speed of six meters per minute with slope of zero degrees, then every three minutes, the speed increased by three meters per minute until the animals reached exhaustion and could no longer continue. The criterion for reaching VO2max was the inability of the rats to continue the training protocol and three consecutive collisions (within one minute) to the end of treadmill, so the VO2max was obtained by using the running speed (13).…”

Section: Aerobic Powermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of High Intensity Interval Training with Genistein on Biomechanical Properties of Femur Bone in Elderly Female Rats

et al. 2020

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Background and objective: Proper exercise and nutrition can help prevent bone disorders in old age, therefore present study aimed to investigate the effects of high intensity interval training (HIIT) with genistein (Ge) on biomechanical properties of femur bone in elderly female rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 40 elderly female rats with mean age of 18-24 months and mean weight of 220.15±15.28 g were divided into five groups of eight rats including: 1) control (C), 2) sham (Sh), 3) HIIT, 4) HIIT + Ge, and 5) Ge. During eight weeks groups 3 and 4 performed HIIT for three sessions per week with an intensity of 90 to 95% of maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) in high intensity intervals and 40 to 45% VO2max in low intensity intervals and groups 4 and 5 received 60 mg/kg/day Ge peritoneally. Maximum bending strength (Fmax) measured with three-point bending test and serum levels of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus were measured by o-Cresolphthalein and molybdate methods, respectively. Shapiro-Wilk, one way ANOVA with Tukey's posthoc tests were used for analysis of data (P≤0.05). Results: HIIT (P=0.02), Ge (P=0.001) and HIIT+Ge (P=0.001) significantly increased Fmax also Ge (P=0.04) and HIIT+Ge (P=0.03) had more favorable effect on increasing Fmax compare to HIIT nevertheless HIIT, Ge and HIIT+Ge had not significant effect on Ca and phosphorus (P≥0.05). Conclusion: Although HIIT and Ge alone can enhance Fmax in femur of elderly female rats, nevertheless HIIT+Ge has more favorable effect on increase of Fmax compare to HIIT.

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Beneficial alterations in body composition, physical performance, oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, and adipocytokines induced by long-term high-intensity interval training in an aged rat model

Cited by 48 publications

References 54 publications

Forced Treadmill Running Reduces Systemic Inflammation Yet Worsens Upper Limb Discomfort in a rat model of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders

Forced Treadmill Running Reduces Systemic Inflammation Yet Worsens Upper Limb Discomfort in a rat model of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders

High-Intensity Interval Aerobic Resistance Training to Counteract Low Relative Appendicular Lean Soft Tissue Mass in Middle Age: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial

The Effect of High Intensity Interval Training with Genistein on Biomechanical Properties of Femur Bone in Elderly Female Rats

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