Beneficial Effects of Anti-Inflammatory Diet in Modulating Gut Microbiota and Controlling Obesity

Bagheri, Soghra; Zolghadri, Samaneh; Stanek, Agata

doi:10.3390/nu14193985

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 143 publications

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“…The study by Dengo et al has shown that reduced body mass during four months in overweight and obese patients significantly improves aortic and carotid stiffness [ 17 ]. Thus, dietary interventions leading to body mass reduction are required to decrease arterial stiffness significantly by improving neuromodulation and blood pressure control [ 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Dietary Interventions on Arterial Stiffness in Overweight and Obese Subjects

et al. 2023

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Arterial stiffness is often increased in overweight/obese subjects before the development of hypertension. It is also one of the earliest indicators of increased cardiovascular disease risk and can be considered a good predictor of the development of subclinical cardiovascular dysfunction. Arterial stiffness is a significant prognostic factor influencing cardiovascular risk, which dietary habits can modify. Obese patients should use the caloric-restricted diet because it augments aortic distensibility, diminishes pulse wave velocity (PWV), and increases the activity of endothelial nitric oxide synthases. High intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA), trans fats, and cholesterol, typical for the Western diet, impairs endothelial function and raises brachial-ankle PMV. The replacement of SFA with monounsaturated (MUFA) or polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) derived from seafood and plants diminishes the risk of arterial stiffness. The dairy product intake (excluding butter) decreases PWV in the general population. The high-sucrose diet causes toxic hyperglycemia and increases arterial stiffness. Complex carbohydrates with a low glycemic index (including isomaltose) should be recommended to keep vascular health. The high sodium intake (>10 g/day), particularly associated with low potassium consumption, has a deleterious effect on arterial stiffness (↑ baPWV). Since vegetables and fruits are good sources of vitamins and phytochemicals, they should be recommended in patients with high PMV. Thus, the dietary recommendation to prevent arterial stiffness should be similar to the Mediterranean diet, which is rich in dairy products, plant oils, and fish, with a minimal red meat intake and five servings of fruits and vegetables daily.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Dietary Interventions on Arterial Stiffness in Overweight and Obese Subjects

et al. 2023

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“…This diet also has an influence on gut microbiota leading to beneficial effects on obesity prevention. 53 The results of this study can help to better understand the effects of Ramadan fasting as a lifestyle modification on atherosclerosis indicators in people with metabolic syndrome. The results of this study and previous studies 23,24 (with the improvement of cardiovascular risk factors after Ramadan fasting) can help patients and clinicians evaluate Ramadan fasting's benefits and drawbacks to make decisions about it.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Association of time‐restricted feeding, arterial age, and arterial stiffness in adults with metabolic syndrome

Alinezhad-Namaghi

Eslami

Nematy

et al. 2023

Health Science Reports

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Background Time‐restricted feeding (TRF) is a kind of intermittent fasting defined as eating and drinking only during a certain number of hours in a day. It has been suggested that intermittent fasting may improve cardiovascular risk factors. This study evaluated the association of TRF and arterial stiffness, using pulse wave velocity (PWV), pulse wave analysis, and arterial age in metabolic syndrome participants. Methods A cohort study was carried out among metabolic syndrome adults who were followed over the Ramadan fasting period (used as a model of TRF since food was only allowed for about 8 h/day). The subjects were divided into Ramadan fasting and Ramadan nonfasting groups. The aortic PWV and central aortic pressure waveform were measured. Central systolic pressure, central pulse pressure, and indices of arterial compliance, such as augmentation pressure and augmentation index (AIx), were determined from waveform analysis. Results Ninety‐five adults (31.57% female, age: 45.46 ± 9.10 years) with metabolic syndrome (based on the International Diabetes Federation definition) participated in this study. Ramadan fasting and Ramadan nonfasting groups were including 80 and 15 individuals respectively. A significant reduction was seen in PWV (0.29 m/s), central systolic pressure (4.03 mmHg), central pulse pressure (2.43 mmHg), central augmentation pressure (1.88 mmHg), and central AIx (2.47) in the Ramadan fasting group (p = 0.014, p < 0.001, p = 0.001, p = 0.003, and p = 0.036 respectively). There were no significant changes in these indices among the Ramadan nonfasting group. Conclusions This study suggested that TRF reduces arterial age and improves arterial stiffness among people with metabolic syndrome. This might be considered a beneficial nutrition strategy for extending healthspan (and perhaps longevity).

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“…A less healthy diet (high fat and/or protein and low carbohydrates) is often characterized by less favourable ratio between the two dominating phyla: Bacteroides to Firmicutes [39]. For example, following a Mediterranean diet, that includes high intakes of plant foods, unsaturated vegetable oils, dairy products, and low amounts of meat, which in turn leads to lower protein intake compared to a Western diet, has been inversely associated with not only the risk of overweight and obesity but also increased abundance of health-related bacterial species and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) producing bacteria [40]. Te human gut microbiota may play an important role in the development of obesity later in life but the exact mechanism by which the gut microbiota contribute to obesity is not well known and need to be investigated further.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Intake and Body Mass Index Influence the Risk of Islet Autoimmunity in Genetically At-Risk Children: A Mediation Analysis Using the TEDDY Cohort

et al. 2023

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Background/Objective. Growth and obesity have been associated with increased risk of islet autoimmunity (IA) and progression to type 1 diabetes. We aimed to estimate the effect of energy-yielding macronutrient intake on the development of IA through BMI. Research Design and Methods. Genetically at-risk children (n = 5,084) in Finland, Germany, Sweden, and the USA, who were autoantibody negative at 2 years of age, were followed to the age of 8 years, with anthropometric measurements and 3-day food records collected biannually. Of these, 495 (9.7%) children developed IA. Mediation analysis for time-varying covariates (BMI z-score) and exposure (energy intake) was conducted. Cox proportional hazard method was used in sensitivity analysis. Results. We found an indirect effect of total energy intake (estimates: indirect effect 0.13 [0.05, 0.21]) and energy from protein (estimates: indirect effect 0.06 [0.02, 0.11]), fat (estimates: indirect effect 0.03 [0.01, 0.05]), and carbohydrates (estimates: indirect effect 0.02 [0.00, 0.04]) (kcal/day) on the development of IA. A direct effect was found for protein, expressed both as kcal/day (estimates: direct effect 1.09 [0.35, 1.56]) and energy percentage (estimates: direct effect 72.8 [3.0, 98.0]) and the development of GAD autoantibodies (GADA). In the sensitivity analysis, energy from protein (kcal/day) was associated with increased risk for GADA, hazard ratio 1.24 (95% CI: 1.09, 1.53), p = 0.042 . Conclusions. This study confirms that higher total energy intake is associated with higher BMI, which leads to higher risk of the development of IA. A diet with larger proportion of energy from protein has a direct effect on the development of GADA.

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Beneficial Effects of Anti-Inflammatory Diet in Modulating Gut Microbiota and Controlling Obesity

Cited by 36 publications

References 143 publications

The Influence of Dietary Interventions on Arterial Stiffness in Overweight and Obese Subjects

The Influence of Dietary Interventions on Arterial Stiffness in Overweight and Obese Subjects

Association of time‐restricted feeding, arterial age, and arterial stiffness in adults with metabolic syndrome

Dietary Intake and Body Mass Index Influence the Risk of Islet Autoimmunity in Genetically At-Risk Children: A Mediation Analysis Using the TEDDY Cohort

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