Beneficial Effects of Combination Therapy of Sitagliptin and β-carotene Drugs on Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM), characterized by chronic hyperglycemia is one of the most common chronic diseases affecting millions of people worldwide. A significant component of the risk associated with DM is thought to be because of its abnormal lipid ‘triad’ profile. All the associated complications are mainly due to imbalance between generation of free radicals and the antioxidant systems like catalase (CAT) and super oxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes. Moreover, increased level of serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) are considered a consequence of hepatocyte damage. The current study was designed to investigate the antihyperglycemic and antidyslipidemic effects, oxidative stress and liver dysfunction indices of fixed dose combination therapy of sitagliptin [50 mg/70kg body weight (BW)] and β-carotene (5 mg/70kg BW) on streptozotocin (45 mg/kg BW) induced diabetic rats (SIDRs). The study showed that combination therapy induced a significant decrease in blood glucose level (BGL) from 19.09 ± 0.13 to 6.86 ± 0.11 mmol/l in comparison to the control group after daily treatment for three weeks. In case of dyslipidimic effect, combination therapy reduced total cholesterol (TC) (22.96%), triglycerides (TG) (17.54%) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (52.25%) levels significantly and increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol level (55.98%) in comparison with respective diabetic control groups. We also observed that combination therapy lowered SGPT & SGOT level by 46.39% and 37.23%, respectively and increased SOD & CAT enzyme activity by 63.79% and 48.32%, respectively in comparison with diabetic control groups. These changes were significantly better than those of sitagliptin and β-carotene monotherapy. The suggestions of our findings of this research are that combination therapy is more potent than their individual monotherapy and may be beneficial for the treatment of diabetic patients with associated complications.
 Bangladesh Pharmaceutical Journal 23(2): 87-95, 2020

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“…Indices: After a four-week experimental period, every single rat liver to body weight ratio and kidney to body weight ratio were calculated. The serum concentrations of creatinine, 12 urea, 13 calcium, 14 uric acid, 15 albumin, and globulin 16 as well as the activities of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 17 serum gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) 18 using Randox assay kits and serum aspartate transferase (AST) 19 and serum alanine transaminase (ALT) 19 were determined in the serum by taking UV absorbance, using diagnostic kits (Human Germany).…”

Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Activity of β-carotene on Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

“…"The rats were fed with standard pellets collected from International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research (ICDDR), Bangladesh and fresh drinking water ad libitum during this period. Under normal atmospheric temperature (25 ± 2 °C), humidity and 12 hours light-dark cycles were controlled according to the animal care and welfare guidelines" [21].…”

Synergistic Effect of β-Carotene and Metformin on Antihyperglycemic and Antidyslipidemic Activities in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

“…Group D Diabetic rats treated with β-carotene (daily administered 10 mg/70 kg b.w.) [16]. Group E Diabetic rats treated with metformin (425 mg/70 kg b.w.)…”

“…dissolved in 0.01 M citrate buffer (pH: 4.5). Following the STZ injection, rats were given drinking water supplemented with sucrose (15 g/L) for 48 h to limit early mortality, as stores of insulin are released from damaged pancreatic islets [16]. Diabetes was confirmed 3 days later by measuring the fasting serum blood glucose level using one-touch glucometer (Glucox TD-4183, Germany).…”

“…But monotherapy with these drugs is not enough to control diabetes alone with CVD and other complications [13]. As a result, combination therapy has become very popular for controlling glucose levels [14] and preventing cholesterol levels [15][16].…”