“…Vitamin E (α‐tocopherol, α‐Toc) has long been known as an essential nutritional factor for animal, which plays an important role in many physiological and biochemical processes, including growth, development, reproduction and immune response (Lu et al., ; NRC ), as well as the oxidative stress (Prieto, Pichardo, Jos, Moreno, & Cameán, ; Gao et al., ; Guzmán‐Guillén, Prieto Ortega, Martín‐Caméan, & Cameán, ) and flesh quality (Halver, ; Hossain, Almatar, & Yaseen, ; Ruff, Fitzgerald, Cross, Hamre, & Kerry, ). However, vitamin E cannot be synthesized by fish based on its dietary intake (Li & Gatlin, ).…”