Beneficial Effects of Vitamin K Status on Glycemic Regulation and Diabetes Mellitus: A Mini-Review

Ho, Hsin Jung; Komai, Michio; Shirakawa, Hitoshi

doi:10.3390/nu12082485

Cited by 27 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 117 publications

(146 reference statements)

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“…Dietary patterns stressing plant food consumption may be effective in both preventing T2D and improving diabetes management. VK may play an imperative role in the regulation of glycemic status by improvement of insulin sensitivity, which may decrease the risk for T2D [126].…”

Section: The Effects Of Vitamin K On Metabolic Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Vitamin K in Humans: Implication in Aging and Age-Associated Diseases

2021

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As human life expectancy is rising, the incidence of age-associated diseases will also increase. Scientific evidence has revealed that healthy diets, including good fats, vitamins, minerals, or polyphenolics, could have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, with antiaging effects. Recent studies demonstrated that vitamin K is a vital cofactor in activating several proteins, which act against age-related syndromes. Thus, vitamin K can carboxylate osteocalcin (a protein capable of transporting and fixing calcium in bone), activate matrix Gla protein (an inhibitor of vascular calcification and cardiovascular events) and carboxylate Gas6 protein (involved in brain physiology and a cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disease inhibitor). By improving insulin sensitivity, vitamin K lowers diabetes risk. It also exerts antiproliferative, proapoptotic, autophagic effects and has been associated with a reduced risk of cancer. Recent research shows that protein S, another vitamin K-dependent protein, can prevent the cytokine storm observed in COVID-19 cases. The reduced activation of protein S due to the pneumonia-induced vitamin K depletion was correlated with higher thrombogenicity and possibly fatal outcomes in COVID-19 patients. Our review aimed to present the latest scientific evidence about vitamin K and its role in preventing age-associated diseases and/or improving the effectiveness of medical treatments in mature adults ˃50 years old.

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Section: The Effects Of Vitamin K On Metabolic Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Vitamin K in Humans: Implication in Aging and Age-Associated Diseases

2021

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“…Vitamin K is important for the regulation of the glycemic status by reducing the risk of developing diabetes mellitus and improving insulin sensitivity [1,14]. It was shown that vitamin K had an impact on pancreatic β-cell proliferation and on adiponectin synthesis [1].…”

Section: Biological Role Of Vkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Role of Vitamin K—With Particular Emphasis on Cardiovascular and Renal Aspects

Stępień

Koziarska-Rościszewska

Rysz

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Vitamin K (VK) plays many important functions in the body. The most important of them include the contribution in calcium homeostasis and anticoagulation. Vascular calcification (VC) is one of the most important mechanisms of renal pathology. The most potent inhibitor of this process—matrix Gla protein (MGP) is VK-dependent. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, both non-dialysed and hemodialysed, often have VK deficiency. Elevated uncarboxylated matrix Gla protein (ucMGP) levels indirectly reflected VK deficiency and are associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events in these patients. It has been suggested that VK intake may reduce the VC and related cardiovascular risk. Vitamin K intake has been suggested to reduce VC and the associated cardiovascular risk. The role and possibility of VK supplementation as well as the impact of anticoagulation therapy on VK deficiency in CKD patients is discussed.

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“…Vitamin K2 was reported to enhance the insulin sensitivity, control the glycemic index, and reduce the type 2 diabetes mellitus risk through different mechanisms; the important ones involved being the incretin effect, post-translational modification of VKDP, and obstruction in inflammation [52,53]. Vitamin K2 was more effective as compared to vitamin K1 in suppressing the incidence of type 2 diabetes [54].…”

Section: Diabetes Mellitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, studies involving various mouse cell lines indicated the role of MK-4 as an incretin-like agent. Multiple studies have shown the importance of incretin-dependent therapeutic targets in lowering the blood glucose level [52].…”

Section: Diabetes Mellitusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vitamin K2: An emerging essential nutraceutical and its market potential

Sunita¹,

Gupta²,

S³

et al. 2022

J Appl Biol Biotech

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Vitamin K has recently gained importance as a potential therapeutic agent beyond blood coagulation. Vitamin K2 is found to be a superior nutrient supplement than K1. K1 is mainly obtained from leafy vegetables, whereas K2 is sourced from fermented products and gut microbiota. However, in contrast to other fat-soluble vitamins, body does not accumulate vitamin K and depends on K cycle for its effective use. Vitamin K2 regulates body calcium metabolism. An insufficient vitamin K2 dose increases the risk of osteoporosis, bone fractures, and cardiovascular diseases. Despite a lot of available literature and also approval by safety regulatory bodies, including Food and Drug Administratio (FDA), its awareness among healthcare professionals and general public is still poor. This understudied nutrient has gained a lot of attention in the market because of its multifaceted role in disease management. Aggressive competition within key sellers is one of the critical factors, which expeditiously upsurge the market growth of vitamin K. The rapid increase in patent applications during the last decade reflects its worldwide recognition as an emerging nutraceutical and hence its future market potential.

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Beneficial Effects of Vitamin K Status on Glycemic Regulation and Diabetes Mellitus: A Mini-Review

Cited by 27 publications

References 117 publications

The Role of Vitamin K in Humans: Implication in Aging and Age-Associated Diseases

The Role of Vitamin K in Humans: Implication in Aging and Age-Associated Diseases

Biological Role of Vitamin K—With Particular Emphasis on Cardiovascular and Renal Aspects

Vitamin K2: An emerging essential nutraceutical and its market potential

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