Benefit of using plant growth regulators in fodder barley

Abstract

The study was conducted to investigate the effect and benefit of applying plant growth regulators (PGR) to two easily lodging barley cultivars, Arra and Kilta, which were commonly used for fodder production all over Finland. Field trials were conducted at six experimental sites in different parts of the country. Of the PGRs tested, ethephon and mepiquat/ethephon were the most effective in shortening the culm and preventing lodging. However, neither could prevent the lodge adequately in all growing circumstances. When applied at flag-leaf stage (FS 10) they increased yield under conditions favourable for lodging. They also raised the volume weight of barley, which was important for the final price of the yield. The most important factors determining future lodging of barley were an effective temperature sum of over +5°C and precipitation during the period from sowing to the beginning of tillering (FS 2). About 64-68% of the lodging risk of the cultivars studied could be predicted from weather conditions during early development of the crop. Local growing conditions and the presence of lodge had a marked impact on the results obtained with PGRs. In the case of moderate lodging the compound used determined whether a profit or loss was made on the crop. In the case of heavy lodging, compounds containing ethephon contributed to an economic return. Their application at flag-leaf stage gave a profit of FIM 70 - 390 ha-1. Since the profitability of PGR treatments depended on lodging, treatments are recommended for fodder barley only when lodging is expected. The lodging risk can be predicted within certain limits at the tillering stage of barley.

Responses of yield and N use of spring sown crops to N fertilization, with special reference to the use of plant growth regulators

“…The effect of etephon/mepiquat on yield was inconsistent, influenced to a large extent by the weather conditions, as was reported also by e.g. Erviö et al (1995). In 1993 the effect was insignificant at all N rates even if lodging occurred (Tables 2c, 3c).…”

Timing applications of growth regulators to alter spring cereal development at high latitudes

“…Cultivars selected for the trials were modern and not susceptible to lodging, as the main interest lay in possibilities to modify plant stand structure and formation of yield potential rather than to test the ability to prevent lodging. As noted elsewhere, response to PGR treatments may vary from year to year and PGR treatments are often economically feasible only under conditions promoting lodging (Simmons et al 1988, Ma and Smith 1992, Erviö et al 1995.…”

Enhancing barley yield potential and germination rate: gene editing of HvGA20ox2 and discovery of novel allele sdw1.ZU9

“…Barley is highly susceptible to lodging, particularly under high‐nitrogen conditions, which leads to decreased yield and quality (Berry et al., 2006). Plant height is a crucial trait closely related to lodging resistance and yield, as evidenced by the successful semi‐dwarf breeding in rice and wheat that launched the well‐known ‘Green Revolution’ (Erviö et al., 1995; Kuczyńska et al., 2013). Consequently, the identification and utilization of the genes regulating plant height have received significant attention.…”