Benefit-sharing and upstream/downstream cooperation for ecological protection of transboundary waters: opportunities for China as an upstream state

McIntyre, Owen

doi:10.1080/02508060.2014.990350

Cited by 45 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Yet, very few (only 25 that we could identify) focused on transboundary river water disputes. Benefit sharing, which has been proposed by many authors (McIntyre, 2015) as a strategy to mitigate water disputes, has not been fully explored by the HEMs to date. Though various types of benefits that were addressed by the HEMs, most HEMs that were reviewed focused on irrigation and hydropower which are benefits from the river, and very few studies focused on fisheries, environment, wetland which are benefits to the river.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of hydro-economic models (HEMs) which focus on transboundary river water sharing disputes

2021

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Hydro-economic models (HEMs) are powerful tools to analyze water scarcity, drought, and water management problems. Though several HEMs reviews have been conducted in the recent past, none of them focused on the management of transboundary river water disputes, benefit sharing, or trade-offs. Therefore, this review explored how HEMs can suggest mitigating water sharing disputes on transboundary rivers. Though more than 300 HEMs have been developed worldwide, very few focused on transboundary river water disputes. After vigorous screening at Google Scholar, only 25 articles were found which focused on transboundary river water disputes. Most HEMs that were reviewed proposed to share benefits such as sharing hydropower produced from the river, reallocating water from low-value agriculture to high-value agriculture or managed operation of the dam, or other monetary compensation. But no study assessed non-water sector benefit sharing such as trade or transit. Most HEMs focused on irrigation and hydropower which are benefits from the river and very few studies focused on fisheries, environment, and wetland which are benefits to the river. International rivers can act as a catalyst among the riparian countries and promote cooperation in trade, commerce, exchange of technologies, and other fields. HEMs can play an important role in this regard. It is to be mentioned that HEMs cannot resolve water conflicts in a shared basin, they only can propose for the options of solution.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of hydro-economic models (HEMs) which focus on transboundary river water sharing disputes

2021

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“…176 Accordingly, benefit-sharing leads to a consideration of more sophisticated forms of inter-State cooperation that factor in non-water-related (economic, socio-cultural and broader environmental) benefits arising from the enhanced stewardship of a shared watercourse, that would normally be undertaken by an upstream State. 177 Water lawyers and practitioners are increasingly looking into this development, but have not fully investigated cross-fertilization with international biodiversity law in that regard. Interactions between inter-and intra-State benefit-sharing remain to be explored in consideration of communities' role in the conservation of inland water ecosystems and related traditional knowledge, 178 and so do possible synergies and tensions with the human right to water.…”

Section: Inter-state Benefit-sharingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Need for an International Legal Concept of Fair and Equitable Benefit Sharing

Morgera¹

2016

EJILAW

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Fair and equitable benefit-sharing is a diffuse legal phenomenon in international law that has elicited little investigation with regard to its nature, extent and implications. It has been mostly studied as the cornerstone of the international legal regime on bioprospecting (research and innovation based on genetic resources). 1 But, under the radar, a growing number of international legal materials refer to "benefit-sharing" with regard to natural resource use (extractive activities, 2 forest 3 and water 4 management, tourism, 5 the use of marine resources, 6 land use and food production), 7 environmental protection (biodiversity conservation 8 and the fight against climate change 9 ), and the use of knowledge. 10 Concrete benefits to be shared have been identified as both monetary and non-monetary ones, such as revenue, information, 1 Such an "international regime" has been identified as comprising: Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), the Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity, the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGR), and the Bonn Guidelines on Access to Genetic Resources and Fair and Equitable Sharing of the Benefits Arising out of their Utilization (CBD Decision X/1 (2010), preambular para 6). Specialist legal scholarship is abundant: eg,

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“…Benefit sharing as a form of regional cooperation has previously been studied in the context of the Mekong River Basin (Lee, 2015;McIntyre, 2015). It has been studied specifically in relation to benefits from hydropower development (Lebel, Lebel, Chitmanat, & Sriyasak, 2014;Wichelns, 2014), fisheries and aquaculture (Minh, 2008;Phomsouvanh, Saphakdy, & De Silva, 2015), and forestry (Ha, van Dijk, & Bush, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional cooperation and benefit sharing for sustainable water resources management in the Lower Mekong Basin

Sok

Meas²,

Chea³

et al. 2019

Lakes & Reservoirs

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Benefit sharing is a concept associated with regional cooperation for sustainable water resources management. To this end, the present study analyses how implementation of this concept may contribute to economic growth and the promotion of sustainable livelihoods in the Lower Mekong Basin (LMB). It focuses on the balance between economic and human development, national interests, and the procedures used to manage water resources in the basin. It was found that: (a) Benefits obtained from the Mekong River are not equally shared between riparian countries because of inadequate regional cooperation, with economic and social development in the LMB being uneven, with Thailand and Vietnam achieving better human development, poverty reduction and food security outcomes than Laos and Cambodia; (b) Lack of shared national interests, or a common development agenda, has resulted in unsustainable water resource management outcomes; and (c) Procedures for water resources management agreed by the four LMB countries are well‐aligned with the conceptual framework for benefit sharing defined by Sadoff and Grey (2002, Water Policy, 4, 389), although while these procedures have the potential to facilitate a more cooperative agenda for equitable sharing of social, economic and environmental benefits from the water resources of the Mekong River, implementation of the 1995 Mekong Agreement currently remains controversial. The five procedures for water resource management developed by the Mekong River Commission have not resulted in satisfactory outcomes, due in part to the institution lacking regulatory authority.

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Benefit-sharing and upstream/downstream cooperation for ecological protection of transboundary waters: opportunities for China as an upstream state

Cited by 45 publications

References 32 publications

Review of hydro-economic models (HEMs) which focus on transboundary river water sharing disputes

Review of hydro-economic models (HEMs) which focus on transboundary river water sharing disputes

The Need for an International Legal Concept of Fair and Equitable Benefit Sharing

Regional cooperation and benefit sharing for sustainable water resources management in the Lower Mekong Basin

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