Benefits and Challenges of Applying Computational Thinking in Education

Abstract

Computational thinking (CT) is one of the skills or processes needed in computer science. However, these skills can also be integrated into any field in education. The objective of this literature review is to study the benefits and challenges of computational thinking (CT) in education. This literature review is analyses 55 references obtained from various sources, based on predefined keywords. The references were then analysed using NVivo software to code them according to several main points. Based on the literature review, there are many benefits of computational thinking in education, including increasing critical and analytical thinking among students, cultivating CT skills in STEM education among students, improving pedagogy and curriculum, and fostering CT skills through game-based learning (GBL). However, there are some challenges facing the implementation of computational thinking in the field of education. These include teachers’ understanding of computational CT, lack of confidence, lack of the skills required to implement CT, and students’ acceptance of CT. In order to overcome these challenges, there are two important aspects to consider: ensuring teachers’ level of knowledge and level of readiness about CT is high. It is hoped that this literature review will be able to provide educators with an understanding of the extent to which CT is able to shape education to be more creative and meaningful.

ScratchThAI: A conversation-based learning support framework for computational thinking development

“…strategies to engage students(Saidin et al 2021;Sentance and Csizmadia 2017;Ribeiro et al 2013;Lockwood and Mooney 2017;Mouza et al 2017;Yadav et al 2014;Black et al 2013;Schulte et al 2012). …”

A Machine Learning-Based Adaptive Feedback System to Enhance Programming Skill Using Computational Thinking

“…That is why several universities are seeking ways of integrating computing and CT into their curricula [13]. Although, these capabilities evolve through a number of activities [14,15] but the literature has more focus on development of these skills through programming [16,17]. A large number of attempts [4,5,6,7] have been made in literature to assess and improve programming of students.…”

“…Assessment of computational skills in programming students is however challenging. Despite different attempts to assess these skills in programming students [22,23,24], comprehensive tools for assessment are still lacking [17]. Further, the students in a classroom have variety of characteristics [25] and identification of students' categories with different levels of mastery of skills is important for adapting need oriented educational strategies.…”

Enhancing Computational and Data Science Thinking Skills for K-12 Education

“…It establishes a strong basis for their forthcoming educational pursuits and career progression. Conversely, as asserted by Saidin and his colleague, the integration of computational thinking can be extended to several domains within the realm of education [10]. An example of an effective approach to preparing students for the demands of the modern world is the integration of statistical thinking with computational thinking in an introductory data science course.…”