Benefits of mineralized bone cortical allograft for immediate implant placement in extraction sites: anin vivostudy in dogs

Abstract

PurposeThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of using a mineralized bone cortical allograft (MBCA), with or without a resorbable collagenous membrane derived from bovine pericardium, on alveolar bone remodeling after immediate implant placement in a dog model.MethodsSix mongrel dogs were included. The test and control sites were randomly selected. Four biradicular premolars were extracted from the mandible. In control sites, implants without an allograft or membrane were placed immediately in the fresh extraction sockets. In the test sites, an MBCA was placed to fill the gap between the bone socket wall and implant, with or without a resorbable collagenous membrane. Specimens were collected after 1 and 3 months. The amount of residual particles and new bone quality were evaluated by histomorphometry.ResultsFew residual graft particles were observed to be closely embedded in the new bone without any contact with the implant surface. The allograft combined with a resorbable collagen membrane limited the resorption of the buccal wall in height and width. The histological quality of the new bone was equivalent to that of the original bone. The MBCA improved the quality of new bone formation, with few residual particles observed at 3 months.ConclusionsThe preliminary results of this animal study indicate a real benefit in obtaining new bone as well as in enhancing osseointegration due to the high resorbability of cortical allograft particles, in comparison to the results of xenografts or other biomaterials (mineralized or demineralized cancellous allografts) that have been presented in the literature. Furthermore, the use of an MBCA combined with a collagen membrane in extraction and immediate implant placement limited the extent of post-extraction resorption.

Recombinant collagen polypeptide as a versatile bone graft biomaterial

“…It has been postulated that increased bone regeneration in the extraction socket should preserve the alveolar bone 49 . The canine tooth extraction socket has provided an ideal model to investigate the effectiveness of bone graft materials such as autograft 50 , decellularized allograft 51 , bovine decellularized xenograft 52 , and synthetic bone graft 53 . Using a published protocol 54 , a canine mandibular third premolar was hemisected and the distal root was extracted.…”

Mega-oss and Mega-TCP versus Bio-Oss granules fixed by alginate gel for bone regeneration

“… 21 Thus, the abilities of bone forming and resorption are important properties for bone materials. Orti et al 22 showed that the regenerated bone of allografts was similar to the original bone in terms of histological structure. Kubosch et al 19 reported that the expression of osteogenic biomarkers of human osteoblasts cultured on allograft and Bio-Oss were similar.…”

Allograft and Collagen Membrane Augmentation Procedures Preserve the Bone Level around Implants after Immediate Placement and Restoration

“…The maintenance of CBL in this study may be attributed to the surgical technique, which is characterized by the placement of mineralized FDBA granules into the gap and in excess over the buccal bone, followed by covering with a non-cross linked collagen membrane. Although this surgical technique has been used extensively in regenerative procedures [33,34], there is insufficient scientific evidence to support its efficacy in immediate implant placement [32,35].…”