Background: Family history of breast cancer and female reproductive factors may work together to influence hyperplasia of mammary gland (HMG) risk. However, the association with HMG risk is poorly characterized and might be important to understand the causation of HMG.Methods: A total of 1881 newly diagnosed HMG cases and 1900 controls were recruited between 2012 and 2017. We collected each participant's demographic characteristics, female reproductive factors and family history of breast cancer. A multi-analytic strategy combining unconditional logistic regression, multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) and crossover approaches were applied to systematically identify the interactions of family history of breast cancer and reproductive factors on HMG susceptibility.Results: In MDR analysis, high-order interactions among education level, breastfeeding duration and family history of breast cancer were identified among women (OR=7.069, 95%CI: 6.080-8.219). Similarly, in crossover analysis, compared with individuals having low education level and no family history of breast cancer, HMG risk increased significantly for those having high education level and family history of breast cancer (OR=36.389, 95%CI: 11.469-115.451), similar additive interaction effect was observed among short breastfeeding duration women (OR=27.699, 95%CI: 3.730-205.699).Conclusion: This study suggests high-order interactions of high education level, short breastfeeding duration and family history of breast cancer may synergistically increased HMG risk.