1992
DOI: 10.2214/ajr.158.2.1729794
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Benign giant-cell tumor of bone with pulmonary metastases: clinical findings and radiologic appearance of metastases in 13 cases.

Abstract: This retrospective review is the largest series on benign giant-cell tumor of bone with histologically benign pulmonary metastases. The paradox of a metastasizing "benign" tumor is well documented, and numerous cases have been reported [1 -7]. The lungs are the principal site of metastases, and the pulmonary lesions are pathologically indistinguishable from the primary tumor. Although many cases of giant-cell tumor with pulmonary metastases have been reported from an orthopedic perspective, this topic has rece… Show more

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Cited by 167 publications
(161 citation statements)
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“…The incidence of lung metastasis seems to be high compared to the previously reported incidence in a general GCT population (approximately 3%) 17,18 . However, the cohort of patients in this study includes only those patients with recurrent GCT, and this may form a selection bias towards patients with a higher risk of metastasis.…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
confidence: 54%
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“…The incidence of lung metastasis seems to be high compared to the previously reported incidence in a general GCT population (approximately 3%) 17,18 . However, the cohort of patients in this study includes only those patients with recurrent GCT, and this may form a selection bias towards patients with a higher risk of metastasis.…”
Section: Discussioncontrasting
confidence: 54%
“…The incidence of local recurrence, lung metastasis after treatment of primary GCT, and malignant transformation have been described 1,2,6,7,[13][14][15][16] . However, the clinical behavior of recurrent GCT, treatment strategy, and the factors affecting the clinical outcome has not been fully ellucidated [17][18][19][20][21][22] . In this multi-center study by the Eastern Asian Musculoskeletal Oncology Group (EAMOG), we retrospectively investigate the prognosis for 110 patients with recurrent GCT of bone in the extremities, and we examine the potential factors affecting the clinical outcome of these patients.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…GCTs of bone are regarded as aggressive and the most unpredictable neoplasms of the skeletal system, which can metastasize despite their innocent appearance [7,9,17,19,20]. There currently is no definitive method of predicting distant metastasis in GCT based on histology or flow cytometry [12].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Their growth rate (as measured by doubling time) is extremely low, supporting the concept that these probably were present at the time of initial resection and took years to become radiographically recognizable [10]. Reported potential risk factors for metastasis in GCT [7,17,19,20] include the primary site, local recurrences, and modality of treatment of the primary tumor. The literature contains only reports of surgically resected cases and none seeking to explore the best treatment for metastatic GCT.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 87%
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