Benign Tumors and Pseudotumors of the Nail

Abstract

Sonography is a noninvasive imaging method that can reliably detect common benign tumors and pseudotumors of the nail and provide precise data about their characteristics. This imaging modality can support diagnosis and surgery and can allow a better definition and improvement of the cosmetic outcome of the treatment.

Sonography in pathologies of scalp and hair

“…Ultrasound provides additional details such as a characteristic trilaminar hyperechoic structure (Figure 3a), presumably reflecting the longitudinal arrangement of keratin chains. Interestingly, this arrangement resembles the bilaminar structure of the also keratinised ungual plaque of the nail (Figure 3b) [6]. Eyelashes are uniformly monolaminar (Figure 4), perhaps reflecting limitations in the resolution of ultrasound machines (currently 0.1 mm), or microstructural specificities of the keratinous component.…”

Sonography of the Nail

“…There are several tumors that affect the ungual and periungual regions that can constitute a clinical challenge because of the regional complex anatomy and the usual masking generated by the nail plates and lateral nail folds [ 54,55 ] . Sonography provides pre-surgical information on: (a) Origin of the lesion (ungual or periungual) (b) Exact location (proximal or distal nail bed; ulnar, radial, medial, or lateral aspects of the nail unit; central or eccentric position) (c) Involvement of nail unit components and surrounding structures (d) Size (in every axis) (e) Composition (solid, cystic), and (f) Blood fl ow (hypo-or hypervascular)…”

Ultrasonido en tumores óseos como hallazgo inesperado: Elementos de sospecha y caracterización

“…Generalmente afecta a los dedos del pie, en especial al hallux. Al US se observa como una estructura hiperecogénica con sombra acústica posterior, inmediatamente bajo la placa ungueal y conectada con el margen óseo de la falange distal (8) . En nuestra serie sólo tuvimos un caso de hemangioma óseo.…”