Bent Embedded Optical Waveguide With a Loaded Metal Film for Reducing a Polarization Dependent Loss

Bending Loss Analysis of Chalcogenide Glass Channel Waveguides for Mid-Infrared Astrophotonic Devices

“…where 𝑃(𝑠) denotes the modal power at 𝑠, estimated by the overlap integral between the incident and propagating fields [17], and 𝑠 and 𝑠 + Δ𝑠 ′ represent the two points used to estimate the modal power. Although the losses are kept small across the range of 𝑅 at 𝜆 = 8 𝜇m, they rapidly increase as 𝑅 decreases at 𝜆 = 12 𝜇m because of the weaker confinement of the modal fields.…”

“…, 𝑞 = 𝑟 − 𝑅, 𝑠 = 𝑅𝜃, and the refractive index distribution of the ESW, 𝑛 ′ (𝑢), is given as follows [13]- [17]:…”

“…The results provide fundamental information for the design of high-performance astrophotonic devices operating in the mid-IR spectral range. Equivalent straight waveguides (ESWs) [13]- [17] of the bent waveguides have been analyzed using the two-dimensional finite-difference beam-propagation method (FD-BPM) [18]- [20] to estimate their loss characteristics.…”

Single-mode Condition and Bending Loss Analysis of Ultrafast Laser-inscribed Mid-infrared Waveguides in GeAsSe Chalcogenide Glass

“…Here, u = R ln 1 + q R , q = r − R, and s = Rθ . The refractive index distribution of the ESW, n ′ (u), is expressed as follows [23][24][25][26][27]:…”

Surface-plasmonic right-angle waveguide amplifiers

“…In a buried dielectric waveguide, waveguide core location could be adjusted to suppress a leaky wave so that pure bend and transition losses can be reduced [9]. A bent embedded waveguide with a loaded metal film was proposed to generate the surface plasmon-polariton mode for the transverse-magnetic wave [10]. In the waveguide, a low polarization dependent loss could be obtained over a wide spectral range.…”