Bentazon and carbofuran adsorption onto date seed activated carbon: Kinetics and equilibrium

Salman, Jasim M.; Njoku, V.O.; Hameed, B.H.

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2011.07.066

Cited by 140 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Date seeds are among such wastes and very few authors have reported utilization of date seeds as a precursor for the preparation of porous carbon (Banat et al 2003;El-Naas et al 2010a, b;Haimour and Emeish 2006;Hameed et al 2009;Salman et al 2011). Dates are abundantly available in United Arab Emirates (UAE), and their annual production capacity was reported to be 765,000 M tons in 2003, which constitutes 11 % of the global production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of porous carbon from date palm seeds and process optimization

Reddy

Shoaibi

Srinivasakannan

2014

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The agricultural wastes like date palm seeds to be a suitable precursor for the preparation of porous carbon has been explored in the present work, utilizing phosphoric acid as the activating agent. The experimental methods reported in literature were chosen with certain modification in order to simplify the process. The process optimization was performed using the popular response surface methodology adopting a Box-Behnken design. Process optimization was performed to maximize the porous carbon Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and the methylene blue (MB) adsorption capacity, with the process variables being the activation temperature, impregnation ratio (IR) and the activation time. The textural characteristics were assessed based on nitrogen adsorption isotherms, scanning electron microscopy, while the adsorption capacity was estimated using the MB adsorption. The optimized experimental conditions were identified to be an activation temperature of 500°C, IR of 3.1 and activation time of 71.4 min, with the resultant porous carbon having BET surface area of 846.7 m 2 /g and MB adsorption capacity of 445.7 mg/g. The popular Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models were tested, and a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of the MB was estimated to be 345 mg/g, which compares with the highest of MB reported in literature, evidencing the suitability of the porous carbon for adsorption of macro-molecular compounds.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of porous carbon from date palm seeds and process optimization

Reddy

Shoaibi

Srinivasakannan

2014

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Peaks 1400 cm Ϫ1 are ascribed to C=C vibrations in aromatic rings and C-H bending vibrations in CH 3 groups (Olivares-Marín et al 2012). The absorptions peaks between 1200 and 1000 cm Ϫ1 indicate C-O stretching vibrations in alcohols, phenols, acids, ethers or esters (Salman et al 2011) and they were slightly shifted in the case of activated carbons prepared at 600 °C compared with non-activated carbons. In general, the bands at the interval of 1500-1000 cm Ϫ1 , correspond to carbonyl group, carboxylate ion, ash component and chelate bonded carboxylate structures ( The removal of hydrogen and the presence of derivatives were expected by the formation of graphitic structure; moreover the presence of functional groups on carbonaceous materials is expected to be lower due to the destruction of lignocellulosic matrix of pecan nut shells into less complex structures.…”

Section: Ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

“…6 and 7 respectively. The peaks in the region (3700 cm −1 ) are attributed to the hydroxyl (-OH) groups of alcohols, phenols, carboxylic acids and water adsorbed on the samples (Salman et al 2011). The broad band at 3400 cm −1 is associated with the presence of phenolic groups in the samples and corresponds to O-H stretching.…”

Section: Ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The FTIR results for the carbons prepared with and without activation at 600 °C (NAC-600 and NAC-600-H 2 O) and the materials prepared at 857 °C (NAC-857 and NAC-857-H 2 O) are shown in Figures 6 and 7 respectively, the peaks around 1630 cm −1 for the prepared activated carbons can be assigned to the C=O axial deformation of aldehyde, ketone, lactone and carboxyl groups; aromatic C=C ring stretching was observed at 1600-1550 cm Ϫ1 . (Salman et al 2011). Aromatic C=C peaks are an indication of benzene-like rings.…”

Section: Ftir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

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One Step Carbonization/Activation Process for Carbonaceous Material Preparation from Pecan Shells for Tartrazine Removal and Regeneration after Saturation

Torres-Pérez¹,

Soria-Serna

Solache‐Ríos

et al. 2015

Adsorption Science & Technology

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ABSTRACT:The removal of tartrazine dye (A5) onto activated carbon produced from pecan nut shells (Carya illinoinensis) obtained under specific conditions and one step simultaneous carbonization/activation process was carried out in this work. First order, pseudo-second order and Elovich adsorption kinetic models were applied for the kinetic studies. The experimental equilibrium data were analysed using the isotherms of Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin. Batch adsorption studies were performed for the removal of tartrazine azoic dye from aqueous solutions by two materials obtained at 600 °C (NAC-600) and 857 °C (NAC-857) and another two materials prepared at the same temperatures but simultaneously activated with steam (NAC-600-H 2 O and NAC-857-H 2 O). The zero point charge was between pH values of 9 to 11 and the maximum adsorption occurred when activated carbons were steam activated and were 4.47 and 13.66 mg g Ϫ1 for NAC-600-H 2 O and NAC-857-H 2 O respectively. The results clearly showed that the adsorption of A5 onto carbonaceous materials from nut shells (NAC) best fit to the pseudo secondorder model, and the rate constants were in the range from 489.3 to 509.4 g mg. Maximum uptake capacity of tartrazine was comparable to values encountered in the literature for other carbonaceous materials. The results show that under specific activation conditions, Mexican pecan nut shells, as agricultural residues, present high potential as a raw material to produce alternative adsorbent materials for dyes removal from aqueous solutions.

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“…It is widely used for the control of soil dwelling and foliar feeding insects including wireworms, white grubs, weevils, stem borers, aphids and several other insects. The maximum acceptable concentration (MAC) for carbofuran in drinking water is 0.09 mg/L [7][8][9][10][11][12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%