Benthic dinoflagellate blooms in tropical intertidal rock pools: elucidation of photoprotection mechanisms

Patil, Jagadish S.; Rodrigues, R. V.; Paul, P; Sathish, K.; Rafi, Muhammad Ather; Anil, Arga Chandrashekar

doi:10.1007/s00227-017-3123-z

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Benthic dinoflagellates exhibit certain benthic or epibenthic behaviours, such as relatively fixed life history modes, which exposes them to very different light environments due to physical shadowing by macroalgae (Nakahara et al, 1996;Villareal and Morton, 2002), sediments or sand (Reñéet al, 2021), tidal rhythms (Patil et al, 2017), and light attenuation in the water column. Variation in light conditions presents different selective pressures that influence photosynthetic optimization and, thus, long-term competitive adaptation.…”

Section: The Response To Uvr and Field Vertical Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrhetic shellfish toxins production appears to be driven by photosynthesis and phosphate–revealed by different light-adapted strains of Prorocentrum lima complex and P. caipirginum

Chen

Huang²,

Guan³

et al. 2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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IntroductionDiarrhetic shellfish toxins (DST) harm shellfish aquaculture and endanger human health, and include well-known marine dinoflagellate-produced toxins such as okadaic acid (OA) and analogues, such as dinophysistoxin-1 (DTX-1). Toxin-producing species have different toxin profiles and contents, with unclear interactions, with the toxins hypothesized to be produced under stress conditions.MethodsFive morphotypes of Prorocentrum lima complex, a well-studied DST-producing species with remarkable phylogenetic variability, were chosen and exposed to three distinct light conditions (photosynthetic active radiation, PAR; PAR+UVA; PAR+UVA and UVB) for 18 or 24 days.Results and discussionThe studied morphotypes were classified as either light-sensitive (LS) or light-tolerant (LT) types based on their light responses and varying abilities to produce DTX-1 across three orders of magnitude (0.001-1 pg cell-1 d-1, abbreviated as LL, ML, and HL in order of rank). All toxin production rates (Rtox) initially increased and then decreased, with the first peaks varying between days 3 to 12. The results of earlier peaks in LL and ML and a linear correlation between Rtox values for OA and DTX-1 in HL indicated that the two compounds may be competitive. When light conditions initially altered, Rtox was either stagnant or negative under all light treatments in the LS cohort, and with UV addition in LT, which subsequently delayed the early peaks. The Rtox data for DTX-1 all demonstrated earlier and higher peaks with UVA addition in LL and ML. Likewise, their growth was facilitated following the addition of UVA light. Therefore, Rtox of pre-peaks is relevant to photosynthetic status and photoprotection ability. As decreasing Rtox data points corresponded closely with phosphate depletion, the phosphate consumption rate was calculated and shown to be linearly or exponentially associated with all downward Rtox. This study proposes a supply-demand link between photosynthetic products and phosphate with DST biosynthesis, inferring a likely competitive interaction between OA and DTX-1 production.

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Section: The Response To Uvr and Field Vertical Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diarrhetic shellfish toxins production appears to be driven by photosynthesis and phosphate–revealed by different light-adapted strains of Prorocentrum lima complex and P. caipirginum

Chen

Huang²,

Guan³

et al. 2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…NPQ expression in microalgae has been linked to production of photoprotective pigments to counter effects of excess light. Indeed, it has been previously determined that photoprotective compounds (e.g., carotenoids) increase during exposure to high light and ultraviolet radiation (Patil et al, 2017). Ostreopsis species are known to produce extracellular polysaccharide secretions (EPS) that have been linked with their bloom formation capabilities by providing mechanical resistance to dynamic wave motion (Honsell et al, 2013;Sechet et al, 2012).…”

Section: Insights Into Photophysiology Of Benthic Microbial Eukaryotesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functional significance of phylogeographic structure in a toxic benthic marine microbial eukaryote over a latitudinal gradient along the East Australian Current

Verma

Hughes

Harwood

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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Genetic diversity in marine microbial eukaryotic populations (protists) drives their ecological success by enabling diverse phenotypes to respond rapidly to changing environmental conditions. Despite enormous population sizes and lack of barriers to gene flow, genetic differentiation that is associated with geographic distance, currents, and environmental gradients has been reported from planktonic protists. However, for benthic protists, which have reduced dispersal opportunities, phylogeography and its phenotypic significance are little known. In recent years, the East Australian Current (EAC) has intensified its southward flow, associated with the tropicalization of temperate waters. Benthic harmful algal species have been increasingly found in south‐eastern Australia. Yet little is known about the potential of these species to adapt or extend their range in relation to changing conditions. Here, we examine genetic diversity and functional niche divergence in a toxic benthic dinoflagellate, Ostreopsis cf. siamensis, along a 1,500 km north–south gradient in southeastern Australia. Sixty‐eight strains were established from eight sampling sites. The study revealed long‐standing genetic diversity among strains established from the northern‐most sites, along with large phenotypic variation in observed physiological traits such as growth rates, cell volume, production of palytoxin‐like compounds, and photophysiological parameters. Strains from the southern populations were more uniform in both genetic and functional traits, and have possibly colonized their habitats more recently. Our study reports significant genetic and functional trait variability in a benthic harmful algal species, indicative of high adaptability, and a possible climate‐driven range extension. The observed high trait variation may facilitate development of harmful algal blooms under dynamic coastal environmental conditions.

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“…Apart from the natural sources from terrestrial organisms, marine biodiversity represents an underexploited source of a wide range of naturally occurring UVR screening compounds, which can be used for cosmeceutical applications as eco-friendly and safer alternatives to synthetic UV filters [ 2 , 16 , 18 , 19 ]. Examples reporting algae-containing photoprotective substances (mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs), scytonemin, sulfated polysaccharides, carotenoids, and polyphenols) [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ] are undoubtedly the most common; however, photoprotective properties have also been described for other marine organisms like microorganisms [ 24 ], artemia [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ], and plankton [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Up-to-Date Overview of the Use of Natural Ingredients in Sunscreens

et al. 2022

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The photoprotective skincare segment is in high demand to meet consumer concerns on UV-induced skin damage, with a recent trend towards sunscreen alternatives with a natural origin. In this study, the use of natural ingredients, either from terrestrial or marine origin, in a panel of 444 sunscreen commercial formulations (2021) was analyzed. Ingredients from terrestrial organisms represent the large majority found in the analyzed sunscreen formulations (48%), whereas marine ingredients are present only in 13% of the analyzed products. A deeper analysis regarding the most prevalent families of ingredients from terrestrial and marine organisms used as top ingredients is also presented, as well as their mechanisms of action. This study provides an up-to-date overview of the sunscreen market regarding the use of natural ingredients, which is of relevance for scientists involved in the development of new sunscreens to identify opportunities for innovation.

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Benthic dinoflagellate blooms in tropical intertidal rock pools: elucidation of photoprotection mechanisms

Cited by 10 publications

References 74 publications

Diarrhetic shellfish toxins production appears to be driven by photosynthesis and phosphate–revealed by different light-adapted strains of Prorocentrum lima complex and P. caipirginum

Diarrhetic shellfish toxins production appears to be driven by photosynthesis and phosphate–revealed by different light-adapted strains of Prorocentrum lima complex and P. caipirginum

Functional significance of phylogeographic structure in a toxic benthic marine microbial eukaryote over a latitudinal gradient along the East Australian Current

Up-to-Date Overview of the Use of Natural Ingredients in Sunscreens

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