Benthic fluxes of cadmium, lead, copper and nitrogen species in the northern Adriatic Sea in front of the River Po outflow, Italy

Studies of contribution of metals bonded with organic matter of seawater to the fluxes of total dissolved metals across water-sediment interface at Vistula Lagoon of Baltic Sea

“…Positive flux value indicates that flux is directed into the sediment, negative -from the sediment into seawater. Obtained flux values are in accordance with previously reported data (Berelsona, 2003;Pakhomova, 2003;Warnken, 2001;Zagoa, 2000).…”

“…In such conditions differences in metal concentrations and fluxes may be of several orders of magnitude: 20 -1200 mmol m -2 day -1 for manganese; 1 -150 for iron, 0.02 -2 for copper (Berelsona, 2003;Pakhomova, 2003;Warnken, 2001;Zagoa, 2000). Direct measurements of fluxes of transitional and heavy metals at the water-sediment interface are represented mainly by dissolved inorganic forms.…”

Nutrient budget for the Eastern Mediterranean: Implications for phosphorus limitation

“…There are almost no areas in which the amount of organic matter exported to the sediment is large enough to allow significant accumulation in the surface layers and, hence, cause the redox boundary to approach the sediment water interface. The only moderately large exception is the northern Adriatic (Zago et al 2000). In this budget, it has been shown that even a maximal estimate for sedimentary denitrification in the system of 10 ϫ 10 9 mol N yr Ϫ1 is insufficient to significantly modify the N : P ratio within the basin.…”

Cadmium and phosphate variability during algal blooms of the dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedrum in Todos Santos Bay, Baja California, Mexico

“…Shallow depths in TSB (between 10 and 50 m; Argote-Espinoza et al, 1991), low inorganic sedimentation rates (because of lack of permanent rivers and low precipitation), and high productivity during most of the year, especially during DABs, increase the chances of extremely labile organic matter being accumulated in the surface of the bottom sediments (or, alternatively, buried in the sediments by bioturbation processes) and, therefore, of the production of important benthic fluxes toward the water column. Once organic matter accumulates in the sediments, oxidation processes release Cd and PO 4 3− to the interstitial water, which by diffusion or advection can subsequently emigrate, either to the deepest (anoxic to anoxic-sulfidic) portion of sediments, or toward the water column (Rosenthal et al, 1995;Gomez et al, 1998;Zago et al, 2000). In the specific case of Cd, this element may coprecipitate with iron sulfides (e.g., Huerta-Diaz and Morse, 1992), or precipitate as CdS (Davies-Colley et al, 1985) in the anoxicsulfidic portion of the sediments.…”