Bentonite does not affect in vitro ruminal gross fermentations but could modify ruminal metabolome and mineral content. A proof of concept

Damato, Anna; Vanzani, Paola; Giannuzzi, Diana; Giaretta, Elisa; Novelli, Enrico; Vianello, Fábio; Tagliapietra, Franco; Zennaro, Lucio

doi:10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.01.012

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…[23] found that adding zeolite to the feed with two different ratios of concentrate to roughage (35:65 and 65:35) contributed to the stability of the rumen environment in terms of pH and ammonia concentration . In an in vitro study, [24]. Observed that the administration of bentonite did not significantly affect ruminal fermentation, but it appeared to modify the ruminal metabolism and the concentrations of certain minerals in the ruminal fluid.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iraqi Awassi Lambs Performance Fed Nano Clay Minerals

Sundos,

Al-Sudani,

Al-Salmany

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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This study aimed to investigate the effects of adding natural and Nano clay minerals on the digestibility, rumen characteristics, blood parameters, and meat muscle in Iraqi Awassi lambs. The study was conducted at the animal farm of the College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Baghdad, using 25 lambs aged between 3 and 4 months, with an average weight of 16 kg. The animals were divided into five groups, each containing five lambs. The first group served as the control group (T1) and did not receive any supplement to their food. The diets of the other groups (T2, T3, T4, and T5) contained clay minerals in proportions of 2% and 4% natural clay, and 2.4 g of nano-clay minerals per animal per day, respectively. To provide a balanced diet, alfalfa hay was introduced as a roughage feed, and concentrate feed was added at 3% of the lambs’ body weight. The feed intake was measured weekly for a duration of 90 days. The study showed significant differences in organic digestibility, no significant in the pH and concentration of ammonia. Volatile fatty acids showed significance (P≤0.05) in Group T3. Moreover, significant differences (P≤0.01) were found in glucose levels and (P≤0.05) in cholesterol and triglyceride levels (mg/dl). The chemical analysis of muscle indicated a significant increase (P≤0.01) in protein percentages.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iraqi Awassi Lambs Performance Fed Nano Clay Minerals

Sundos,

Al-Sudani,

Al-Salmany

2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…Clays can interact with microorganisms in multiple ways ( 18 ), and many of the effects of clays in animals may result from the modulation of the intestinal and/or ruminal microbiota ( 19 , 22 , 23 , 71 , 186 ). Moreover, clay minerals display antibacterial properties that could be exploited as a potential alternative to the use of antibiotics ( 8 , 49 , 187 , 188 ).…”

Section: Effects Of Clays On the Gi Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Review on the Interactions of Clay Minerals With Animal Physiology and Production

et al. 2022

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Clay minerals are naturally occurring rock and soil materials primarily composed of fine-grained aluminosilicate minerals, characterized by high hygroscopicity. In animal production, clays are often mixed with feed and, due to their high binding capacity towards organic molecules, used to limit animal absorption of feed contaminants, such as mycotoxins and other toxicants. Binding capacity of clays is not specific and these minerals can form complexes with different compounds, such as nutrients and pharmaceuticals, thus possibly affecting the intestinal absorption of important substances. Indeed, clays cannot be considered a completely inert feed additive, as they can interfere with gastro-intestinal (GI) metabolism, with possible consequences on animal physiology. Moreover, clays may contain impurities, constituted of inorganic micronutrients and/or toxic trace elements, and their ingestion can affect animal health. Furthermore, clays may also have effects on the GI mucosa, possibly modifying nutrient digestibility and animal microbiome. Finally, clays may directly interact with GI cells and, depending on their mineral grain size, shape, superficial charge and hydrophilicity, can elicit an inflammatory response. As in the near future due to climate change the presence of mycotoxins in feedstuffs will probably become a major problem, the use of clays in feedstuff, given their physico-chemical properties, low cost, apparent low toxicity and eco-compatibility, is expected to increase. The present review focuses on the characteristics and properties of clays as feed additives, evidencing pros and cons. Aims of future studies are suggested, evidencing that, in particular, possible interferences of these minerals with animal microbiome, nutrient absorption and drug delivery should be assessed. Finally, the fate of clay particles during their transit within the GI system and their long-term administration/accumulation should be clarified.

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“…In addition, there are other beneficial applications for this natural clay, such as preventing the decline in rumen pH during starch fermentation [ 9 ] and reducing the concentration of ammonia in the rumen [ 10 ]. On the other hand, administering bentonite does not seem to change the overall fermentation process in the rumen, but it changes the metabolome and mineral concentrations in the rumen fluid [ 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Saponite Clay on Ruminal Fermentation Parameters during In Vitro Studies

Pikhtirova,

Pecka-Kiełb,

Króliczewska

et al. 2024

Animals

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Reducing the emission of global warming gases currently remains one of the strategic tasks. Therefore, the objective of our work was to determine the effect of saponite clay on fermentation in the rumen of cows. The pH, total gas production, CH4, and volatile fatty acid (VFA) production in ruminal fluid was determined in vitro. Saponite clay from the Tashkiv deposit (Ukraine) has a high content of silicon, iron, aluminum, and magnesium. The addition of 0.15 and 0.25 g of saponite clay to the incubated mixture did not change the pH but reduced the total production (19% and 31%, respectively) and CH4 (24% and 46%, respectively) in the ruminal fluid compared to the control group and had no significant effect on the total VFA levels, but propionic acid increased by 15% and 21% and butyric acid decreased by 39% and 32%, respectively. We observed a decrease in the fermentation rates, with a simultaneous increase in the P:B ratio and an increase in the fermentation efficiency (FE) in the groups fermented with saponite clay, probably a consequence of the high efficiency in the breakdown of starch in the rumen. Therefore, further in vivo studies to determine the effective dose and effect of saponite clay on cow productivity and the reduction of gas emissions are promising and important.

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Bentonite does not affect in vitro ruminal gross fermentations but could modify ruminal metabolome and mineral content. A proof of concept

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Iraqi Awassi Lambs Performance Fed Nano Clay Minerals

Iraqi Awassi Lambs Performance Fed Nano Clay Minerals

Comprehensive Review on the Interactions of Clay Minerals With Animal Physiology and Production

The Effect of Saponite Clay on Ruminal Fermentation Parameters during In Vitro Studies

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