Benzene and Leukemia

Vigliani, E. C.; Saita, G

doi:10.1056/nejm196410222711703

Cited by 256 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Bone marrow cells resistant to chlQramphenicol have been shown to occur in some patients with aplasia (30), and this occurrence suggests the presence of at least two stem cell populations. Benzene has clearly induced aplastic anemia (23,38,56), and many times within a relatively short period after exposure. Benzene apparently acts by suppressing DNA synthesis of diff-erentiated bone marfQW cells and not by damaging stem cells.…”

Section: Relation Of Aplastic Anemia To Leukemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Benzene apparently acts by suppressing DNA synthesis of diff-erentiated bone marfQW cells and not by damaging stem cells. The subsequent development of a·cute myelQgenous leukemia in some patients with benzene-indu{:·ed aplastic anemia is well documented (15,23,56,59).…”

Section: Relation Of Aplastic Anemia To Leukemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Perhaps the f.ew remaining cells in aplas- aplastic anemia, to our knowledge neither chlordane, heptachlor, nor other chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides have been reported in association with acute leukemia. However, several reports have indicated that subJects with aplastic anemia associated with various agents have later developed acute leukemia (6,7,13,15,23,41,56). In some cases, the conversion from hypoplastic anemia to leukemia occurred within a r'elatively short period of time (16,23).…”

Section: Relation Of Aplastic Anemia To Leukemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Blood dyscrasias and childhood tumors and exposure to chlordane and heptachlor.

Infante¹,

Epstein²,

Newton³

1978

Scand J Work Environ Health

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& health 4 (1978) 137-150. In the United States, chlordane and heptachlor are commonly used in pesticide formulations for agricultural purposes and for termite eradication in the home. Pathological conditions possibly associated with prior exposure to such formulations are presented in this report. Five recently diagnosed cases of neuroblastoma associated with chlordane exposure during prenatal and postnatal development have been identified. Three cases of aplastic anemia and three cases of acute leukemia are also reported in association with chlordane formulations. The cases suggesting association between chlordane exposure and neuroblastoma are of interest in view of recent data on the carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of chlordane and heptachlor and in view of data on environmental distributions and body burdens. The cases of aplastic anemia and leukemia are of interest in view of previous literature reports on associations between chlordane and similar chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides and blood dyscrasias, and in view of reports indicating that some subjects with aplastic anemia convert to leukemia. As previous studies are too limited to allow the development of valid inferences regarding the neoplastic risk of chlordane, there is need for formal epidemiologic study to evaluate health risks associated with chlordane through home exposure and through occupational exposure for termite exterminators, lawn care operators, and for workers in the agricultural setting.

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Section: Relation Of Aplastic Anemia To Leukemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relation Of Aplastic Anemia To Leukemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relation Of Aplastic Anemia To Leukemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Blood dyscrasias and childhood tumors and exposure to chlordane and heptachlor.

Infante¹,

Epstein²,

Newton³

1978

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…The etiologic association between benzene and leukemia has been firmly established by clinical observations, epidemiologic studies, and by carcinogenesis bioassays (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14). However, largely because of the 1980 Supreme Court decision requiring OSHA to demonstrate "significant risk of material health impairment" at a given level of benzene exposure, the setting of an exposure standard became dependent upon estimates of the exposureresponse relationship.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Benzene and Leukemia: An Epidemiologic Risk Assessment

Rinsky¹

1989

Environmental Health Perspectives

114

170

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To assess quantitatively the association between benzene and leukemia, we evaluated the rate of mortality experienced by a cohort occupationally exposed to benzene. Using data from historical air sampling surveys, we estimated the daily benzene exposure for each member of the cohort. The expected number of leukemia deaths was calculated and compared to the actual number of leukemia deaths that occurred. The overall standardized mortality ratio (SMR) for leukemia was 337. Person-years at risk within the cohort were stratified by increasing levels of cumulative benzene exposure. The resulting SMRs increased from 109 to 322 to 1186 and to 6637 with respective increases in cumulative benzene exposure from less than 40 ppm-years to , and greater than 400. The shape of the exposure-response relation was examined with a case-control analysis. Another analysis was performed to take into account an induction period for leukemia. All of the analyses demonstrated that a strongly positive exposure-response relationship etists between benzene and leukemia. Previous attempts to quantify this cohort's risk of developing leukemia were based on surrogates of exposure, such as duration of employment. Using actual air sampling data to estimate individual exposures represents a marked improvement over these previous attempts and emphasizes the importance of conducting industrial hygiene surveys and maintaining historical exposure records.

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“…The ability of benzene to cause AML was first fully established in the 1970s following epidemiologic studies in Italy and Turkey (23,(31)(32)(33) countries is its use as a component of gasoline and the fact that the shift to unleaded gasoline has tended to increase its benzene content (36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42). In the United States, the current benzene content of gasoline is generally below 1%, but in other countries super unleaded gasoline can contain greater than 5% benzene (43).…”

Section: Benzene As a Model Chemical Leukemogenmentioning

confidence: 99%