Benzodiazepine-Induced Amnesia and Anaesthetic Practice: A Review

O'Boyle, Ciaran

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-73288-1_11

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 133 publications

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“…By contrast, the latencies of DZ-treated rats were equivalent during pre-test and test sessions. This result is in accordance with the well-known anterograde amnesia caused by BZs in clinical and pre-clinical studies [44][45][46].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Anxiolytic‐like effects and safety profile of a tryptic hydrolysate from bovine alpha s1‐casein in rats

Messaoudi¹,

Lalonde

Schroeder

et al. 2009

Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma

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The anxiolytic activity and adverse benzodiazepine-like effects of a bovine alpha s1-casein tryptic hydrolysate (CH) were evaluated. The effects of CH orally administered at doses of 5 and 15 mg/kg were compared with those of diazepam (DZ) at 3 mg/kg in the conditioned defensive burying test. Rats treated either with CH at 15 mg/kg or with DZ showed a decrease in anxiety. A drug-related difference was observed in terms of duration, as the anxiolytic-like action of CH was maintained after 7 days with twice-daily administration, whereas that of DZ was not. CH and DZ were then evaluated for their potential effects on memory in a passive avoidance paradigm. CH-treated rats had significantly longer latencies before entering the dark compartment where they were previously delivered a shock, indicating better retention relative to DZ-treated rats. In the final test, CH and DZ were evaluated for place preference, an index of the possible addictive potential of these substances. DZ-treated rats spent more time in the compartment associated with drug exposure than control rats. This effect was not found in CH-treated rats. Thus, CH did not display side effects associated with DZ, despite its affinity for gamma-aminobutyric acid(A) (GABA(A)) receptors. Specific linking of CH on GABA(A) receptor function involved in anxiolysis, but not on that implied in memory-impairing effects, may be hypothesized to explain its specific activity. This profile might render it advantageous for nutritional purposes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Anxiolytic‐like effects and safety profile of a tryptic hydrolysate from bovine alpha s1‐casein in rats

Messaoudi¹,

Lalonde

Schroeder

et al. 2009

Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma

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“…Anterograde amnesic effects of benzodiazepines have clearly been established, but their role in preventing processing during general anesthesia and formation of implicit memory is unclear. [73][74][75] In all included studies with evidence of implicit memory formation and in the music intervention studies from the present meta-analysis, no benzodiazepine premedication was used. Studies using similar memory tests and with comparable anesthesia regimens that included preoperative benzodiazepine administration did not observe implicit memory formation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perception of auditory stimuli during general anesthesia and its effects on patient outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Sleurink

Janssen

et al. 2021

Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth

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Purpose Interest in implicit memory formation and unconscious auditory stimulus perception during general anesthesia has resurfaced as perioperative music has been reported to produce beneficial effects. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating explicit and implicit memory formation during general anesthesia and its effects on postoperative patient outcomes and recovery.Source We performed a systematic literature search of Embase, Ovid Medline, and Cochrane Central from inception date until 15 October 2020. Eligible for inclusion were RCTs investigating intraoperative auditory stimulation in adult surgical patients under general anesthesia in which patients, healthcare staff, and outcome assessors were all blinded. We used random effects models for meta-analyses. This study adhered to the PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020178087). Principal findings Fifty-three of 5,859 identified articles (4,200 patients) were included. There was evidence of implicit memory formation in seven out of 17 studies (41%) when assessed using perceptual priming tasks. Mixed results were observed on postoperative behavioural and motor response after intraoperative suggestions. Intraoperative music significantly reduced postoperative pain (standardized mean difference [SMD], -0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.1 to -0.57; P \ 0.001; I 2 = 0; n = 226) and opioid requirements (SMD, -0.29; 95% CI, -0.57 to -0.015; P = 0.039; I 2 = 36; n = 336), while positive therapeutic suggestions did not. Conclusion The results of this systematic review and meta-analysis show that intraoperative auditory stimuli can be perceived and processed during clinically adequate, general anesthesia irrespective of surgical procedure severity, leading to implicit memory formation without explicit awareness. Intraoperative music can exert significant beneficial effects on postoperative pain and opioid requirements. Whether the employed intraoperative anesthesia regimen is of influence is not yet clear.

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“…Amnesia after the operation was a common and frustrating experience among our patients. Amnesia following general anaesthesia is a well‐documented problem (O'Boyle, 1988; Cork et al ., 1996), but has not been specifically reported following day surgery procedures. It is, therefore, of utmost importance that relatives picking up patients also listen to the discharge instructions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patients' experiences of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in day surgery

Barthelsson¹,

Lützén

Anderberg

et al. 2003

Journal of Clinical Nursing

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Previous research has concentrated mainly on surgical aspects and postoperative complication rates after day surgery laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC), and less on patients' experiences and nursing care aspects. A qualitative study was conducted aimed at investigating patients' experiences of LC in day surgery. Ten women and two men were interviewed. The material was coded, categorized and analysed using qualitative analysis. The findings demonstrate that individuals with gallstone disease experience limitations in their daily life and feelings of socially handicapped. Prior to surgery, the patients felt anxious and expressed a wish for tranquilizers, and to meet the surgeon responsible. At discharge after day surgery, amnesia was experienced and the respondents did not remember important information about the operation given by the surgeon. Experience of postoperative pain varied greatly. Several respondents had a relapse of pain on the third day lasting up to 1 week. The need for additional pain medication and a bloated feeling were reported. Some respondents reported nausea and vomiting, and most had questions about wound care. The need for additional telephone follow-up was mentioned, as was the fact that it was difficult to come home to small children. However, the great majority felt that returning home on the same day as the operation, was positive.

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Benzodiazepine-Induced Amnesia and Anaesthetic Practice: A Review

Cited by 23 publications

References 133 publications

Anxiolytic‐like effects and safety profile of a tryptic hydrolysate from bovine alpha s1‐casein in rats

Anxiolytic‐like effects and safety profile of a tryptic hydrolysate from bovine alpha s1‐casein in rats

Perception of auditory stimuli during general anesthesia and its effects on patient outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Patients' experiences of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in day surgery

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