Benzodiazepines and Catatonia: A Case Report<sup>*</sup>

Harris, Dale A.; Menza, Matthew

doi:10.1177/070674378903400718

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…And as he turned to leave, Ned said nonchalantly, "why holy water of course …"' By 1990, Patricia Rosebush and her colleagues at McMaster University in Hamilton, Canada, also described complete and dramatic relief of NMS by lorazepam in a prospectively open trial in 1 mg or 2 mg doses in 12 episodes (29). Other reports of the efficacy of lorazepam (91,92) were followed by descriptions of the efficacy of other benzodiazepines, clonazepam (93), diazepam (94), and zolpidem (95).…”

Section: Catatonia and Benzodiazepinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rediscovering catatonia: the biography of a treatable syndrome

Fink

2012

Acta Psychiatr Scand

182

139

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Section: Catatonia and Benzodiazepinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rediscovering catatonia: the biography of a treatable syndrome

Fink

2012

Acta Psychiatr Scand

182

139

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“…Additional case material supports its use in catato-I Accepted for publication August 6. 1995 nia of diverse origins (38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43). Prospective studies by Rosebush et al (22) and Ungvari et al (27) also support the use of benzodiazepines.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Catatonia. II. Treatment with lorazepam and electroconvulsive therapy

Bush

Fink

Petrides

et al. 1996

Acta Psychiatr Scand

380

195

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Case material and retrospective studies support the use of both lorazepam and ECT in treating catatonia, but few prospective investigations exist and none employ quantitative monitoring of response. In this study we test their efficacy in an open, prospective protocol, and define a "lorazepam test' with predictive value for treatment. Twenty-eight patients with catatonia were treated systematically with parenteral and/or oral lorazepam for up to 5 days, and with ECT if lorazepam failed. Outcome was monitored quantitatively during the treatment phase with the Bush-Francis Catatonia Rating Scale (BFCRS). In 16 of 21 patients (76%) who received a complete trial of lorazepam (11 with initial intravenous challenge), catatonic signs resolved. A positive response to an initial parenteral challenge predicted final lorazepam response, as did length of catatonic symptoms prior to treatment. Neither demographic variables nor severity of catatonia predicted response to lorazepam. Four patients failing lorazepam responded promptly to ECT. It is concluded that lorazepam and ECT are effective treatments for catatonia. The rating scale has predictive value and displays sensitivity to change in clinical status.

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“…Other disorders: Catatonia has been reported in adjustment disorder[ 16 , 140 ], substance use disorder[ 16 ], conversion disorder[ 140 , 141 ], and posttraumatic stress disorder[ 142 ]. In one case report, there was a background of melancholia and a recent withdrawal of thioridazine; in another case report, the adjustment disorder was diagnosed with depressed mood.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catatonia in older adults: A systematic review

Jaimes-Albornoz¹,

Pellon-Santamaria²,

Nizama-Vía³

et al. 2022

WJP

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BACKGROUND Catatonia is a complex psychomotor syndrome that often goes unrecognized and untreated, even though its classification has evolved in recent years. Prompt and correct identification of catatonia allows for highly effective treatment and prevention of possible complications. The underrecognition of catatonia in older patients is also frequent, and research in this population is scarce. AIM To conduct a systematic review of the literature on catatonia in older people to ascertain its clinical characteristics across settings. METHODS Following the PRISMA guidelines, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO databases were searched from inception to December 2021, with a strategy aimed at identifying all articles published on catatonia in older adults. Titles and abstracts were scanned and selected independently by two authors. Papers investigating issues related to catatonia and/or catatonic symptoms in older people, with English abstracts available, were included. References of selected articles were revised to identify other relevant studies. RESULTS In total, 1355 articles were retrieved. After removing duplicates, 879 remained. Of the 879 identified abstracts, 669 were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria. A total of 210 articles underwent full text review, and 51 were eliminated for various reasons. Fourteen more articles were selected from the references. Overall, 173 articles were reviewed: 108 case reports, 35 case series, 11 prospective cohort studies, 6 case-control studies, 3 retrospective cohort studies and 10 reviews. We found several particular aspects of catatonia in this population. Catatonia in older patients is highly prevalent and tends to have a multifactorial etiology. Older patients, compared to younger patients, have a higher risk of developing catatonia with benzodiazepine (BZD) withdrawal, in bipolar disorder, and in the general hospital. Age, together with other risk factors, was significantly associated with the incidence of deep venous thrombosis, neuroleptic malignant syndrome poor outcome, other complications and mortality. Treatment with BZDs and electroconvulsive therapy is safe and effective. Prompt treatment of its cause is essential to ensure a good prognosis. CONCLUSION Catatonia in older patients is highly prevalent and tends to have a multifactorial etiology. The risk of developing catatonia in some settings and conditions, as well as of developing complications, is high in this population. Symptomatic treatment is safe and effective, and timely etiologic treatment is fundamental.

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Benzodiazepines and Catatonia: A Case Report^*

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Rediscovering catatonia: the biography of a treatable syndrome

Rediscovering catatonia: the biography of a treatable syndrome

Catatonia. II. Treatment with lorazepam and electroconvulsive therapy

Catatonia in older adults: A systematic review

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Benzodiazepines and Catatonia: A Case Report*

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Rediscovering catatonia: the biography of a treatable syndrome

Rediscovering catatonia: the biography of a treatable syndrome

Catatonia. II. Treatment with lorazepam and electroconvulsive therapy

Catatonia in older adults: A systematic review

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About

Benzodiazepines and Catatonia: A Case Report^*